大数据时代的生物多样性科学与宏生态学

张健

Biodiversity science and macroecology in the era of big data

Jian Zhang

表1 生物多样性研究中存在的7个主要知识空缺(基于Hortal et al, 2015修改)

Table 1 Definitions for seven main shortfalls (or gaps) of current biodiversity knowledge (Adopted from Hortal et al, 2015)

知识空缺 Knowledge shortfalls 生物多样性的不同方面 Aspect of biodiversity 定义 Definition 相关文献 References Linnean shortfall 物种 Species 缺乏对世界上很多现存和已灭绝物种描述的知识。Lack of knowledge about the description of most of living and extinct species on Earth. Brown & Lomolino, 1998; Brito, 2010 Wallacean shortfall 地理分布 Geographic distribution 缺乏有关大多数物种在各个时间尺度上的地理分布的知识。Lack of knowledge about the geographic distribution of most species at all scales most of the time. Lomolino, 2004 Prestonian shortfall 种群 Populations 缺乏在时空尺度上的物种多度和种群动态的知识。Lack of knowledge about species abundance and population dynamics in space and time. Cardoso et al, 2011 Darwinian shortfall 进化 Evolution 缺乏关于生命之树以及物种和它们的性状进化的信息。Lack of knowledge about the tree of life and the evolution of species and their traits. Diniz-Filho et al, 2013 Raunkiaeran shortfall 功能性状和生态功能 Functional traits and ecological functions 缺乏物种的性状及其生态功能的知识。Lack of knowledge about species’ traits and their ecological functions. Hortal et al, 2015 Hutchinsonian shortfall 非生物耐性因子 Abiotic tolerances 缺乏物种如何应对和忍耐非生物因子的知识。Lack of knowledge about the responses and tolerances of species to abiotic conditions. Cardoso et al, 2011 Eltonian shortfall 生态的相互作用 Ecological interactions 缺乏物种相互作用及其影响个体存活和适合度的知识。Lack of knowledge on species’ interactions and these interactions’ effects on individual survival and fitness. Hortal et al, 2015