Abstract: The concept of allozyme and the application of the allozyme analysis technique in the studies of plant genetic diversity and systematics are introduced and discussed with comments on its advantage and weakness．Allozyme analysis is an important method to studying the genetic diversity of organisms,and has opened a broad prospects for the studying of systematics and evolution with molecular data．However,the use of the molecular data does not mean that the morphological,cyological and other data can be Iistead,but they are complementary each other．

Key words: tropical rain forest, species diversity, South Yunnan