Abstract: Three richness indices , four species diversity indices and five evenness indices were used to analyze vegetation in Luya Mountains , Shanxi. In addition , relationships among these indices were studied by correlation analysis. The results indicated that : 1) the evenness indices increased with the increase of elevation , while the richness indices and species diversity indices showed the opposite trend ; 2) the species diversity indices order of the vegetation type was as follows : deciduous broad-leaf forest > coniferous and broad-leaf forest > warm coniferous forest > cool temperate coniferous forest > deciduous broad-leaf shrub > subalpine shrub and grassland > herb- shrub ; 3) the relationship among the 12 diversity indices were well reflected by the two- dimensional ordination diagram of DCA ; 4) there were very significant correlation among richness indices , among species diversity indices and among evenness indices. All richness indices , species diversity indices and evenness indices were compared with each other , in which R₀ 、N₁ 、N₂ 、E₄ and E₅ were superior to the others.