This paper dealt with the significance of conservation of insect diversity,the basic characteristics of insect diversity in China,the main problems of China's insect diversity,and the strategies for conservation of insect diversity in China.It was pointed out that,some 1% of all the described insect species in China are major insect pests,and the majority of insects are either directly or indirectly beneficial or neutral in their relationship to human beings.Insects pollinate crop plants;provide food for other animal and products for human consumption;serve as natural control agents of other pests,including insects and weeds;and contribute to the environmental purification and scientific research.China is rich in species of insects,and possesses many rare and valuable groups because of its vast territory and complex habitata.As a result of the interference of human's activities,however,China's insect diversity has been facing destruction of the habitat,near extinction of the rare species,and decreasing in natural enemies.In order to conserve and utilize China's insect resources more sensibly and efficiently,the author put forward a series of rational strategies.