The diversity of climbing plants in the spermatophyte flora of China

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2010.212

Abstract

Abstract:

Climbing plants (or climbers) are important components of vegetation. They are often overlooked in ecological research due to difficulties in field identification of species or clones. To explore the diversity of climbing plants in China, we report on their taxonomic composition, floristic element types and climbing methods. A total of 3,073 spermatophyte species belonging to 85 families and 409 genera are climbers, accounting for 11.3% of the spermatophyte flora of China, including 898 vines (3.3%) and 2,175 lianas (8.0%). Tropical floristic elements are common in China, including 87.9% and 79.2% of families and genera containing climber, respectively. Fourteen genera containing climbers are endemic to China. In terms of climbing methods, 56.7% are twining, 22.1% are sprawling, 17.0% are tendrillar and 4.2% are adhesive.

Key words: climbing plant, liana, vine, spermatophyte flora, climbing method

Hu Liang, Li Mingguang, Li Zhen. The diversity of climbing plants in the spermatophyte flora of China[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2010, 18(2): 198-207.

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URL: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2010.212

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/EN/Y2010/V18/I2/198

Figures/Tables 6

References 39

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类别 Sort	裸子植物 Gymnospermae	被子植物 Angiospermae		总计 Total
类别 Sort	裸子植物 Gymnospermae	双子叶植物 Dicotyledoneae	单子叶植物 Monocotyledoneae	总计 Total
科 Family	1 (1.2)	73 (85.9)	11 (12.9)	85
属 Genus	1 (0.2)	376 (91.9)	32 (7.8)	409
种 Species	10 (0.3)	2,817 (91.7)	246 (8.0)	3,073
木质藤本 Liana	10 (0.5)	2,021 (92.9)	144 (6.6)	2,175
草质藤本 Vine	0 (0.0)	796 (88.6)	102 (11.4)	898

类别 Sort	裸子植物 Gymnospermae	被子植物 Angiospermae		总计 Total
类别 Sort	裸子植物 Gymnospermae	双子叶植物 Dicotyledoneae	单子叶植物 Monocotyledoneae	总计 Total
科 Family	1 (1.2)	73 (85.9)	11 (12.9)	85
属 Genus	1 (0.2)	376 (91.9)	32 (7.8)	409
种 Species	10 (0.3)	2,817 (91.7)	246 (8.0)	3,073
木质藤本 Liana	10 (0.5)	2,021 (92.9)	144 (6.6)	2,175
草质藤本 Vine	0 (0.0)	796 (88.6)	102 (11.4)	898

科名 Family	属数 Genus no.	木质藤本 Lianas	草质藤本 Vines	科名 Family	属数 Genus no.	木质藤本 Lianas	草质藤本 Vines
豆科 Leguminosae	48	193	119	蓼科 Polygonaceae	3	1	13
萝藦科 Asclepiadaceae	38	149	65	爵床科 Acanthaceae	4	4	8
葡萄科 Vitaceae	8	159	28	大戟科 Euphorbiaceae	7	12	-
毛茛科 Ranunculaceae	4	119	67	茶茱萸科 Icacinaceae	7	9	2
葫芦科 Cucurbitaceae	26	2	178	买麻藤科 Gnetaceae	1	10	-
蔷薇科 Rosaceae	2	158	-	百合科 Liliaceae	1	2	8
旋花科 Convolvulaceae	18	62	70	玄参科 Scrophulariaceae	4	7	2
茜草科 Rubiaceae	14	76	49	牛栓藤科 Connaraceae	5	8	-
猕猴桃科 Actinidiaceae	2	116	-	野牡丹科 Melastomataceae	3	8	-
夹竹桃科 Apocynaceae	23	105	-	檀香科 Santalaceae	1	8	-
防己科 Menispermaceae	19	30	53	茄科 Solanaceae	1	3	5
菝葜科 Smilacaceae	2	66	4	鸭跖草科 Commelinaceae	3	-	6
卫矛科 Celastraceae	5	68	-	苦苣苔科 Gesneriaceae	2	6	-
胡椒科 Piperaceae	1	60	-	紫堇科 Fumariaceae	2	-	5
鼠李科 Rhamnaceae	9	58	-	兰科 Orchidaceae	4	1	4
薯蓣科 Dioscoreaceae		1	-	56	紫草科 Boraginaceae	3	4	-
木犀科 Oleaceae	2	51	-	百部科 Stemonaceae	1	-	4
棕榈科 Palmae	3	49	-	茶藨子科 Grossulariaceae	1	3	-
木通科 Lardizabalaceae	5	45	-	漆树科 Anacardiaceae	2	3	-
马兜铃科 Aristolochiaceae	1	19	24	紫葳科 Bignoniaceae	2	3	-
桑科 Moraceae	5	41	-	大麻科 Cannabaceae	1	-	3
番荔枝科 Annonaceae	6	39	-	铁青树科 Olacaceae	2	3	-
桔梗科 Campanulaceae	3	-	36	白花丹科 Plumbaginaceae	1	2	1
忍冬科 Caprifoliaceae	2	35	-	远志科 Polygalaceae	2	3	-
五味子科 Schisandraceae	2	35	-	梧桐科 Sterculiaceae	1	3	-
菊科 Asteraceae	11	9	23	荨麻科 Urticaceae	2	2	1
马鞭草科 Verbenaceae	9	32	-	八角枫科 Alangiaceae	1	2	-
龙胆科 Gentianaceae	3	-	29	五桠果科 Dilleniaceae	1	2	-
紫金牛科 Myrsinaceae	2	29	-	山柚子科 Opiliaceae	2	2	-
天南星科 Araceae	7	6	20	露兜树科 Pandanaceae	1	2	-
山柑科 Capparidaceae	2	26	-	苋科 Amaranthaceae	1	1	-
芸香科 Rutaceae	4	23	-	钩枝藤科 Ancistrocladaceae	1	1	-
绣球科 Hydrangeaceae	6	22	-	毒鼠子科 Dichapetalaceae	1	1	-
金虎尾科 Malpighiaceae	4	22	-	须叶藤科 Flagellariaceae	1	1	-
清风藤科 Sabiaceae	1	22	-	樟科 Lauraceae	1	1	-
莲叶桐科 Hernandiaceae	1	20	-	猪笼草科 Nepenthaceae	1	-	1
五加科 Araliaceae	6	18	-	紫茉莉科 Nyctaginaceae	1	1	-
西番莲科 Passifloraceae	2	5	13	刺茉莉科 Salvadoraceae	1	1	-
使君子科 Combretaceae	3	17	-	无患子科 Sapindaceae	1	-	1
禾本科 Gramineae	8	17	-	大血藤科 Sargentodoxaceae	1	1	-
马钱科 Loganiaceae	4	17	-	苦木科 Simaroubaceae	1	1	-
胡颓子科 Elaeagnaceae	1	16	-	旌节花科 Stachyuraceae	1	1	-
翅子藤科 Hippocrateaceae	3	16	-	总计 Total	409	2,175	898

科名 Family	属数 Genus no.	木质藤本 Lianas	草质藤本 Vines	科名 Family	属数 Genus no.	木质藤本 Lianas	草质藤本 Vines
豆科 Leguminosae	48	193	119	蓼科 Polygonaceae	3	1	13
萝藦科 Asclepiadaceae	38	149	65	爵床科 Acanthaceae	4	4	8
葡萄科 Vitaceae	8	159	28	大戟科 Euphorbiaceae	7	12	-
毛茛科 Ranunculaceae	4	119	67	茶茱萸科 Icacinaceae	7	9	2
葫芦科 Cucurbitaceae	26	2	178	买麻藤科 Gnetaceae	1	10	-
蔷薇科 Rosaceae	2	158	-	百合科 Liliaceae	1	2	8
旋花科 Convolvulaceae	18	62	70	玄参科 Scrophulariaceae	4	7	2
茜草科 Rubiaceae	14	76	49	牛栓藤科 Connaraceae	5	8	-
猕猴桃科 Actinidiaceae	2	116	-	野牡丹科 Melastomataceae	3	8	-
夹竹桃科 Apocynaceae	23	105	-	檀香科 Santalaceae	1	8	-
防己科 Menispermaceae	19	30	53	茄科 Solanaceae	1	3	5
菝葜科 Smilacaceae	2	66	4	鸭跖草科 Commelinaceae	3	-	6
卫矛科 Celastraceae	5	68	-	苦苣苔科 Gesneriaceae	2	6	-
胡椒科 Piperaceae	1	60	-	紫堇科 Fumariaceae	2	-	5
鼠李科 Rhamnaceae	9	58	-	兰科 Orchidaceae	4	1	4
薯蓣科 Dioscoreaceae		1	-	56	紫草科 Boraginaceae	3	4	-
木犀科 Oleaceae	2	51	-	百部科 Stemonaceae	1	-	4
棕榈科 Palmae	3	49	-	茶藨子科 Grossulariaceae	1	3	-
木通科 Lardizabalaceae	5	45	-	漆树科 Anacardiaceae	2	3	-
马兜铃科 Aristolochiaceae	1	19	24	紫葳科 Bignoniaceae	2	3	-
桑科 Moraceae	5	41	-	大麻科 Cannabaceae	1	-	3
番荔枝科 Annonaceae	6	39	-	铁青树科 Olacaceae	2	3	-
桔梗科 Campanulaceae	3	-	36	白花丹科 Plumbaginaceae	1	2	1
忍冬科 Caprifoliaceae	2	35	-	远志科 Polygalaceae	2	3	-
五味子科 Schisandraceae	2	35	-	梧桐科 Sterculiaceae	1	3	-
菊科 Asteraceae	11	9	23	荨麻科 Urticaceae	2	2	1
马鞭草科 Verbenaceae	9	32	-	八角枫科 Alangiaceae	1	2	-
龙胆科 Gentianaceae	3	-	29	五桠果科 Dilleniaceae	1	2	-
紫金牛科 Myrsinaceae	2	29	-	山柚子科 Opiliaceae	2	2	-
天南星科 Araceae	7	6	20	露兜树科 Pandanaceae	1	2	-
山柑科 Capparidaceae	2	26	-	苋科 Amaranthaceae	1	1	-
芸香科 Rutaceae	4	23	-	钩枝藤科 Ancistrocladaceae	1	1	-
绣球科 Hydrangeaceae	6	22	-	毒鼠子科 Dichapetalaceae	1	1	-
金虎尾科 Malpighiaceae	4	22	-	须叶藤科 Flagellariaceae	1	1	-
清风藤科 Sabiaceae	1	22	-	樟科 Lauraceae	1	1	-
莲叶桐科 Hernandiaceae	1	20	-	猪笼草科 Nepenthaceae	1	-	1
五加科 Araliaceae	6	18	-	紫茉莉科 Nyctaginaceae	1	1	-
西番莲科 Passifloraceae	2	5	13	刺茉莉科 Salvadoraceae	1	1	-
使君子科 Combretaceae	3	17	-	无患子科 Sapindaceae	1	-	1
禾本科 Gramineae	8	17	-	大血藤科 Sargentodoxaceae	1	1	-
马钱科 Loganiaceae	4	17	-	苦木科 Simaroubaceae	1	1	-
胡颓子科 Elaeagnaceae	1	16	-	旌节花科 Stachyuraceae	1	1	-
翅子藤科 Hippocrateaceae	3	16	-	总计 Total	409	2,175	898

类别 Sort	科/属中藤本种数 No. of climbers in family or genus
类别 Sort	<10	10-19	20-49	50-99	≥100
科 Family
科数 No. of families	36 (42.4)	13 (15.3)	19 (22.4)	7 (8.2)	10 (11.8)
科中藤本数 No. of climbers in families	118 (3.8)	188 (6.1)	606 (19.7)	446 (14.5)	1,715 (55.8)
属 Genus
属数 No. of genera	322 (78.7)	42 (10.3)	37 (9.0)	6 (1.5)	2 (0.5)
属中藤本数 No. of climbers in genera	781 (25.4)	553 (18.0)	1,096 (35.7)	375 (12.2)	268 (8.7)