Biodiv Sci ›› 2011, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (5): 519-527. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2011.09048
Special Issue: 生物多样性与生态系统功能; 土壤生物与土壤健康
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Xu Xiangqin1, Wang Yingying1,2, Lu Qiang1, Lin Zhihua1, Chen Huili1,*()
Received:
2011-04-19
Accepted:
2011-07-01
Online:
2011-09-20
Published:
2011-10-08
Contact:
Chen Huili
Xu Xiangqin, Wang Yingying, Lu Qiang, Lin Zhihua, Chen Huili. Effect of Solidago canadensis invasions on soil nematode communities in Hangzhou Bay[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2011, 19(5): 519-527.
砂粒 Sand (%) | 粉粒 Silt (%) | 粘粒 Clay (%) | pH | 总氮 Total nitrogen (mg/g) | 总碳 Total carbon (mg/g) | 株高 Height (cm) | 植株密度 Shoot density (ind./m2) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
镇海 Zhenhai | S | 16.9 ± 1.4 | 45.0 ± 4.6 | 38.1 ± 5.5 | 8.7 ± 0.10 | 1.44 ± 0.24 | 65.23 ± 7.71 | 150 ± 18 | 116 ± 36 |
P | 13.5 ± 1.8 | 51.8 ± 3.0 | 34.7 ± 4.7 | 8.7 ± 0.07 | 0.61 ± 0.12 | 11.61 ± 0.58 | 156 ± 20 | 107 ± 44 | |
奉贤 Fengxian | S | 4.8 ± 0.8 | 23.9 ± 5.3 | 71.3 ± 6.0 | 8.7 ± 0.02 | 0.38 ± 0.10 | 11.89 ± 0.86 | 110 ± 4 | 98 ± 12 |
P | 5.4 ± 0.9 | 25.3 ± 1.6 | 69.3 ± 2.3 | 8.8 ± 0.03 | 0.46 ± 0.21 | 17.82 ± 1.43 | 161 ± 16 | 125 ± 23 | |
平湖 Pinghu | S | 6.5 ± 0.9 | 34.3 ± 1.8 | 59.1 ± 2.6 | 8.5 ± 0.17 | 0.49 ± 0.16 | 15.67 ± 1.58 | 143 ± 26 | 111 ± 24 |
P | 8.7 ± 4.0 | 38.7 ± 14.4 | 52.6 ± 18.4 | 8.6 ± 0.02 | 1.21 ± 0.32 | 17.23 ± 0.87 | 220 ± 47 | 63 ± 6 | |
海盐 Haiyan | S | 9.4 ± 0.6 | 45.1 ± 1.4 | 45.6 ± 1.9 | 8.5 ± 0.15 | 1.04 ± 0.06 | 12.40 ± 0.32 | 114 ± 19 | 117 ± 63 |
P | 12.5 ± 5.1 | 45.6 ± 14.4 | 41.9 ± 19.6 | 8.6 ± 0.04 | 0.61 ± 0.15 | 23.98 ± 2.55 | 190 ± 10 | 118 ± 26 | |
慈溪 Cixi | S | 6.7 ± 0.4 | 32.9 ± 1.6 | 60.4 ± 2.0 | 8.8 ± 0.05 | 0.91 ± 0.17 | 15.65 ± 3.52 | 177 ± 13 | 53 ± 15 |
P | 2.0 ± 0.8 | 22.3 ± 2.6 | 75.7 ± 3.1 | 9.0 ± 0.41 | 0.33 ± 0.10 | 9.98 ± 0.31 | 156 ± 14 | 173 ± 28 | |
杭州 Hangzhou | S | 2.5 ± 0.9 | 16.9 ± 1.6 | 80.7 ± 2.5 | 8.7 ± 0.05 | 0.34 ± 0.09 | 9.36 ± 0.63 | 224 ± 25 | 92 ± 46 |
P | 2.0 ± 0.7 | 15.8 ± 0.4 | 82.2 ± 1.1 | 9.1 ± 0.08 | 0.31 ± 0.05 | 8.64 ± 0.87 | 173 ± 29 | 37 ± 10 |
Table 1 Soil properties and plant characteristics of two communities dominated respectively by Solidago canadensis (S) and Phragmites australis(P)
砂粒 Sand (%) | 粉粒 Silt (%) | 粘粒 Clay (%) | pH | 总氮 Total nitrogen (mg/g) | 总碳 Total carbon (mg/g) | 株高 Height (cm) | 植株密度 Shoot density (ind./m2) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
镇海 Zhenhai | S | 16.9 ± 1.4 | 45.0 ± 4.6 | 38.1 ± 5.5 | 8.7 ± 0.10 | 1.44 ± 0.24 | 65.23 ± 7.71 | 150 ± 18 | 116 ± 36 |
P | 13.5 ± 1.8 | 51.8 ± 3.0 | 34.7 ± 4.7 | 8.7 ± 0.07 | 0.61 ± 0.12 | 11.61 ± 0.58 | 156 ± 20 | 107 ± 44 | |
奉贤 Fengxian | S | 4.8 ± 0.8 | 23.9 ± 5.3 | 71.3 ± 6.0 | 8.7 ± 0.02 | 0.38 ± 0.10 | 11.89 ± 0.86 | 110 ± 4 | 98 ± 12 |
P | 5.4 ± 0.9 | 25.3 ± 1.6 | 69.3 ± 2.3 | 8.8 ± 0.03 | 0.46 ± 0.21 | 17.82 ± 1.43 | 161 ± 16 | 125 ± 23 | |
平湖 Pinghu | S | 6.5 ± 0.9 | 34.3 ± 1.8 | 59.1 ± 2.6 | 8.5 ± 0.17 | 0.49 ± 0.16 | 15.67 ± 1.58 | 143 ± 26 | 111 ± 24 |
P | 8.7 ± 4.0 | 38.7 ± 14.4 | 52.6 ± 18.4 | 8.6 ± 0.02 | 1.21 ± 0.32 | 17.23 ± 0.87 | 220 ± 47 | 63 ± 6 | |
海盐 Haiyan | S | 9.4 ± 0.6 | 45.1 ± 1.4 | 45.6 ± 1.9 | 8.5 ± 0.15 | 1.04 ± 0.06 | 12.40 ± 0.32 | 114 ± 19 | 117 ± 63 |
P | 12.5 ± 5.1 | 45.6 ± 14.4 | 41.9 ± 19.6 | 8.6 ± 0.04 | 0.61 ± 0.15 | 23.98 ± 2.55 | 190 ± 10 | 118 ± 26 | |
慈溪 Cixi | S | 6.7 ± 0.4 | 32.9 ± 1.6 | 60.4 ± 2.0 | 8.8 ± 0.05 | 0.91 ± 0.17 | 15.65 ± 3.52 | 177 ± 13 | 53 ± 15 |
P | 2.0 ± 0.8 | 22.3 ± 2.6 | 75.7 ± 3.1 | 9.0 ± 0.41 | 0.33 ± 0.10 | 9.98 ± 0.31 | 156 ± 14 | 173 ± 28 | |
杭州 Hangzhou | S | 2.5 ± 0.9 | 16.9 ± 1.6 | 80.7 ± 2.5 | 8.7 ± 0.05 | 0.34 ± 0.09 | 9.36 ± 0.63 | 224 ± 25 | 92 ± 46 |
P | 2.0 ± 0.7 | 15.8 ± 0.4 | 82.2 ± 1.1 | 9.1 ± 0.08 | 0.31 ± 0.05 | 8.64 ± 0.87 | 173 ± 29 | 37 ± 10 |
变量 Variables | 植物类型 Plant (df = 2) | 地点 Site (df = 5) | 植物类型×地点 Plant × Site (df = 5) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
F | P | F | P | F | P | |||
砂粒 Sand (%) | 0.59 | 0.449 | 41.75 | < 0.001 | 4.31 | 0.004 | ||
粉粒 Silt (%) | 0.02 | 0.897 | 30.31 | < 0.001 | 1.76 | 0.145 | ||
粘粒 Clay (%) | 0.01 | 0.928 | 33.33 | < 0.001 | 1.75 | 0.149 | ||
pH | 15.21 | < 0.001 | 9.75 | < 0.001 | 2.23 | 0.072 | ||
总氮 Total nitrogen | 13.57 | 0.001 | 20.83 | < 0.001 | 22.34 | < 0.001 | ||
总碳 Total carbon | 78.03 | < 0.001 | 119.78 | < 0.001 | 56.19 | < 0.001 | ||
株高 Height | 12.26 | < 0.001 | 8.00 | < 0.001 | 11.04 | < 0.001 | ||
植株密度 Shoot density | 0.42 | 0.52 | 3.34 | 0.014 | 7.84 | < 0.001 |
Table 2 Summary of two-way ANOVA for testing the effects of plant species and sampling sites on soil properties and plant characteristics
变量 Variables | 植物类型 Plant (df = 2) | 地点 Site (df = 5) | 植物类型×地点 Plant × Site (df = 5) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
F | P | F | P | F | P | |||
砂粒 Sand (%) | 0.59 | 0.449 | 41.75 | < 0.001 | 4.31 | 0.004 | ||
粉粒 Silt (%) | 0.02 | 0.897 | 30.31 | < 0.001 | 1.76 | 0.145 | ||
粘粒 Clay (%) | 0.01 | 0.928 | 33.33 | < 0.001 | 1.75 | 0.149 | ||
pH | 15.21 | < 0.001 | 9.75 | < 0.001 | 2.23 | 0.072 | ||
总氮 Total nitrogen | 13.57 | 0.001 | 20.83 | < 0.001 | 22.34 | < 0.001 | ||
总碳 Total carbon | 78.03 | < 0.001 | 119.78 | < 0.001 | 56.19 | < 0.001 | ||
株高 Height | 12.26 | < 0.001 | 8.00 | < 0.001 | 11.04 | < 0.001 | ||
植株密度 Shoot density | 0.42 | 0.52 | 3.34 | 0.014 | 7.84 | < 0.001 |
变量 Variables | 植物类型 Plant type (df = 1) | 地点 Site (df = 5) | 植物类型 × 地点 Plant type × Site (df = 5) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
F | P | F | P | F | P | |||
属数 Genus number | 2.56 | 0.118 | 24.18 | < 0.001 | 6.90 | < 0.001 | ||
密度 Density | 3.59 | 0.006 | 5.76 | < 0.001 | 5.28 | < 0.001 | ||
Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H') | 0.01 | 0.92 | 28.18 | < 0.001 | 7.24 | < 0.001 | ||
营养多样性指数 Trophic diversity index (TD) | 17.05 | < 0.001 | 17.50 | < 0.001 | 3.76 | 0.008 | ||
富集指数 Enrichment index (EI) | 11.52 | 0.002 | 20.62 | < 0.001 | 13.15 | < 0.001 | ||
结构指数 Structure index (SI) | 9.07 | 0.005 | 4.08 | 0.005 | 3.39 | 0.013 | ||
线虫通路比值 Nematode channel ratio (NCR) | 22.94 | < 0.001 | 9.29 | < 0.001 | 5.37 | < 0.001 | ||
植食性线虫 Herbivores (%) | 24.14 | < 0.001 | 54.20 | < 0.001 | 11.85 | < 0.001 | ||
食藻类线虫 Algal feeders (%) | 0.90 | 0.348 | 6.78 | < 0.001 | 7.17 | < 0.001 | ||
食细菌线虫 Bacterivores (%) | 10.96 | 0.002 | 78.34 | < 0.001 | 15.69 | < 0.001 | ||
食真菌线虫 Fungivores (%) | 34.65 | < 0.001 | 8.98 | < 0.001 | 5.42 | < 0.001 | ||
杂食性线虫 Omnivores (%) | 11.89 | 0.001 | 14.01 | < 0.001 | 9.10 | < 0.001 | ||
捕食性线虫 Carnivores (%) | 14.65 | < 0.001 | 5.98 | < 0.001 | 8.70 | < 0.001 |
Table 3 Summary of two-way ANOVA for testing the effects of plant type and sampling site on soil nematode genus number, density, diversity index, structure index, enrichment index, nematode channel ratio and trophic group proportions
变量 Variables | 植物类型 Plant type (df = 1) | 地点 Site (df = 5) | 植物类型 × 地点 Plant type × Site (df = 5) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
F | P | F | P | F | P | |||
属数 Genus number | 2.56 | 0.118 | 24.18 | < 0.001 | 6.90 | < 0.001 | ||
密度 Density | 3.59 | 0.006 | 5.76 | < 0.001 | 5.28 | < 0.001 | ||
Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H') | 0.01 | 0.92 | 28.18 | < 0.001 | 7.24 | < 0.001 | ||
营养多样性指数 Trophic diversity index (TD) | 17.05 | < 0.001 | 17.50 | < 0.001 | 3.76 | 0.008 | ||
富集指数 Enrichment index (EI) | 11.52 | 0.002 | 20.62 | < 0.001 | 13.15 | < 0.001 | ||
结构指数 Structure index (SI) | 9.07 | 0.005 | 4.08 | 0.005 | 3.39 | 0.013 | ||
线虫通路比值 Nematode channel ratio (NCR) | 22.94 | < 0.001 | 9.29 | < 0.001 | 5.37 | < 0.001 | ||
植食性线虫 Herbivores (%) | 24.14 | < 0.001 | 54.20 | < 0.001 | 11.85 | < 0.001 | ||
食藻类线虫 Algal feeders (%) | 0.90 | 0.348 | 6.78 | < 0.001 | 7.17 | < 0.001 | ||
食细菌线虫 Bacterivores (%) | 10.96 | 0.002 | 78.34 | < 0.001 | 15.69 | < 0.001 | ||
食真菌线虫 Fungivores (%) | 34.65 | < 0.001 | 8.98 | < 0.001 | 5.42 | < 0.001 | ||
杂食性线虫 Omnivores (%) | 11.89 | 0.001 | 14.01 | < 0.001 | 9.10 | < 0.001 | ||
捕食性线虫 Carnivores (%) | 14.65 | < 0.001 | 5.98 | < 0.001 | 8.70 | < 0.001 |
Fig. 2 Soil nematode genus number, density, Shannon-Wiener diversity index and trophic diversity index in two communities dominated respectively by Solidago canadensis and Phragmites australis. Bars indicate standard errors of mean data (n = 4) ); * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001.
Fig. 3 Proportions of soil nematode feeding groups in the two communities dominated respectively by Solidago canadensis and Phragmites australis. Bars indicate standard errors of mean data (n = 4).
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