Biodiv Sci ›› 2009, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (2): 174-181. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2009.08317
Special Issue: 传粉生物学
• Paper • Previous Articles Next Articles
Guohui Lu, Wenhua Wu, Ruizhen Wang, Xinliang Li, Yingqiang Wang*()
Received:
2008-12-04
Accepted:
2009-02-18
Online:
2009-03-20
Published:
2009-03-20
Contact:
Yingqiang Wang
Guohui Lu, Wenhua Wu, Ruizhen Wang, Xinliang Li, Yingqiang Wang. Division of labor of heteromorphic stamens in Melastoma malabathricum[J]. Biodiv Sci, 2009, 17(2): 174-181.
Fig. 1 Flowers and the flower visitors in Melastoma malabathricum. (A) A flower of M. malabathricum; (B) A carpenter bee foraging on a flower; (C) A syrphus fly foraging on the yellow anther; (D) A syrphus fly foraging on the purple anther; (E) A blue-banded bee foraging on the purple anther; (F) A blue-banded bee foraging on the yellow anther; (G) A dung beetle and a long-horned beetle visiting a flower; (H) A fly visiting a flower; (I) A grasshopper visiting a flower.
雄蕊 Stamens | 花药颜色 Anther color | 药隔附属物 Elongated connective | 花丝长度 Filament length (cm) | 花粉囊长度 Anther length (cm) | 花粉组织化学 Pollen histochemistry | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
淀粉 Starch | 脂质 Lipid | |||||
外轮雄蕊 Outer stamens | 紫色 Purple | 紫色, 弓形弯曲 Purple, curved | 1.21 ± 0.08a | 0.90 ± 0.12a | + | + |
内轮雄蕊 Inner stamens | 黄色 Yellow | 无 Absent | 0.92 ± 0.09b | 0.82 ± 0.08b | + | + |
Table 1 Stamen characters and pollen histochemistry of Melastoma malabathricum (mean ± SD)
雄蕊 Stamens | 花药颜色 Anther color | 药隔附属物 Elongated connective | 花丝长度 Filament length (cm) | 花粉囊长度 Anther length (cm) | 花粉组织化学 Pollen histochemistry | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
淀粉 Starch | 脂质 Lipid | |||||
外轮雄蕊 Outer stamens | 紫色 Purple | 紫色, 弓形弯曲 Purple, curved | 1.21 ± 0.08a | 0.90 ± 0.12a | + | + |
内轮雄蕊 Inner stamens | 黄色 Yellow | 无 Absent | 0.92 ± 0.09b | 0.82 ± 0.08b | + | + |
雄蕊 Stamens | 单个雄蕊的花粉数 Pollen grain number per stamen | 单花花粉数 Pollen grain number per flower | 胚珠数 Ovule number per flower | 花粉/胚珠比 P/O ratios per flower |
---|---|---|---|---|
外轮紫色雄蕊 Outer purple stamens | 191,590 ± 43,371a | 1,619,300 ± 348,578 | 1,904 ± 239 | 863.40 ± 217.57 |
内轮黄色雄蕊 Inner yellow stamens | 132,270 ± 29,864b |
Table 2 Pollen grain numbers, ovule numbers and P/ O ratios of Melastoma malabathricum (mean ± SD)
雄蕊 Stamens | 单个雄蕊的花粉数 Pollen grain number per stamen | 单花花粉数 Pollen grain number per flower | 胚珠数 Ovule number per flower | 花粉/胚珠比 P/O ratios per flower |
---|---|---|---|---|
外轮紫色雄蕊 Outer purple stamens | 191,590 ± 43,371a | 1,619,300 ± 348,578 | 1,904 ± 239 | 863.40 ± 217.57 |
内轮黄色雄蕊 Inner yellow stamens | 132,270 ± 29,864b |
处理 Treatments | 处理花数(株数) No. of flowers (No. of stems) | 结实率 Fruit sets (%) |
---|---|---|
自然对照 Open pollination | 93 (8) | 64.02 ± 23.96a |
黄色花药花粉自交 Experimentally selfed by pollen of yellow anthers | 16 (9) | 66.67 ± 43.30a |
黄色花药花粉异交 Experimentally out-crossed by pollen of yellow anthers | 30 (15) | 75.56 ± 33.25a |
紫色花药花粉自交 Experimentally selfed by pollen of purple anthers | 46 (15) | 78.23 ± 29.83a |
紫色花药花粉异交 Experimentally out-crossed by pollen of purple anthers | 49(19) | 73.68 ± 38.11a |
花前套袋 Bagged flowers | 52 (4) | 0b |
Table 3 Fruit sets following different experimental pollination treatments in Melastoma malabathricum (mean ± SD)
处理 Treatments | 处理花数(株数) No. of flowers (No. of stems) | 结实率 Fruit sets (%) |
---|---|---|
自然对照 Open pollination | 93 (8) | 64.02 ± 23.96a |
黄色花药花粉自交 Experimentally selfed by pollen of yellow anthers | 16 (9) | 66.67 ± 43.30a |
黄色花药花粉异交 Experimentally out-crossed by pollen of yellow anthers | 30 (15) | 75.56 ± 33.25a |
紫色花药花粉自交 Experimentally selfed by pollen of purple anthers | 46 (15) | 78.23 ± 29.83a |
紫色花药花粉异交 Experimentally out-crossed by pollen of purple anthers | 49(19) | 73.68 ± 38.11a |
花前套袋 Bagged flowers | 52 (4) | 0b |
处理 Treatments | 结实率 Fruit sets (N) | 结籽数 No. of seeds per fruit (n) |
---|---|---|
自然对照 Open pollination | 64.02 ± 23.96 a (93) | 548.11 ± 174.90a (27) |
去黄色雄蕊 Yellow stamens removed | 78.57 ± 36.60 a (19) | 336.92 ± 234.42c (13) |
去紫色雄蕊 Purple stamens removed | 86.11 ± 33.21a (23) | 660.64 ± 247.21a (14) |
去全部雄蕊 All stamens removed | 60.61 ± 41.68a (29) | 384.76 ± 305.63bc (17) |
去花瓣 Petals removed | 78.89 ± 34.34a (37) | 512.89 ± 258.06ab (28) |
Table 4 Fruit sets and seed sets following different experimental treatments in Melastoma malabathricum (mean ± SD)
处理 Treatments | 结实率 Fruit sets (N) | 结籽数 No. of seeds per fruit (n) |
---|---|---|
自然对照 Open pollination | 64.02 ± 23.96 a (93) | 548.11 ± 174.90a (27) |
去黄色雄蕊 Yellow stamens removed | 78.57 ± 36.60 a (19) | 336.92 ± 234.42c (13) |
去紫色雄蕊 Purple stamens removed | 86.11 ± 33.21a (23) | 660.64 ± 247.21a (14) |
去全部雄蕊 All stamens removed | 60.61 ± 41.68a (29) | 384.76 ± 305.63bc (17) |
去花瓣 Petals removed | 78.89 ± 34.34a (37) | 512.89 ± 258.06ab (28) |
[1] | Barrett SCH (2002) The evolution of plant sexual diversity. Nature Reviews Genetics, 3, 274-284. |
[2] | Chen J (陈介) (1984) Melastomataceae. In: Florae Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae (中国植物志), 53, pp.152-159. Science Press, Beijing. (in Chinese) |
[3] | Chen J, Renner SS (2007) Melastomataceae. In: Flora of China. Science Press, Beijing. |
[4] | Cruden RW (1977) Pollen-ovule ratios: a conservative indicator of breeding systems in flowering plants. Evolution, 31, 32-46. |
[5] | Dafni A (1992) Pollination Ecology: A Practical Approach. Oxford University Press, London. |
[6] | Darwin C (1862) Letter to Asa Gray, 22 January. http://www.darwinproject.ac.uk/darwinletters/calendar/entry-3404.html. |
[7] | Forbes HO (1882) Two kinds of stamens with different functions in the same flower. Nature, 26, 386. |
[8] | Gross CL (1993) The breeding system and pollinators of Melastoma affine (Melastomataceae): a pioneer shrub in tropical Australia. Biotropica, 25, 468-474. |
[9] | Gross CL, Kukuk PE (2001) Foraging strategies of Amegilla anomola at the flowers of Melastoma affine–no evidence for separate feeding and pollinating anthers. Acta Horticulturae, 561, 171-178. |
[10] | Luo ZL (罗中莱), Zhang DX (张奠湘) (2005) A review of heteranthery in flowering plants. Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany (热带亚热带植物学报), 13, 536-542. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[11] | Luo Z, Zhang D, Renner SS (2008) Why two kinds of stamens in buzz-pollinated flowers? Experimental support for Darwin’s division-of-labour hypothesis. Functional Ecology, 22, 794-800. |
[12] |
Luo ZL, Gu L, Zhang DX (2009) Intrafloral differentiation of stamens in heterantherous flowers. Journal of Systematics and Evolution, 47, 43-56.
DOI URL |
[13] | Michener CD (2007) The Bees of the World, 2nd edn. John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore. |
[14] | Müller H (1881) Two kinds of stamens with different functions in the same flower. Nature, 24, 307-308. |
[15] | Peng DH (彭东辉), Zhang QX (张启翔), Huang QT (黄启堂), Xu XS (许贤书), Xie XC (谢祥财) (2008) Study on pollination biology of Melastoma affine. Journal of Fujian College of Forestry (福建林学院学报), 28, 115-120. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[16] | Rodriguez-Riaño T, Dafni A (2000) A new procedure to assess pollen viability. Sexual Plant Reproduction, 12, 241-244. |
[17] | Tang LL, Huang SQ (2007) Evidence for reductions in floral attractants with increased selfing rates in two heterandrous species. New Phytologist, 175, 588-595. |
[18] | Wolfe AD, Estes JR (1992) Pollination and the function of floral parts in Chamaecrista fasciculata (Fabaceae). American Journal of Botany, 79, 314-317. |
[19] | Wolfe AD, Estes JR, Chissoe WF III (1991) Tracking pollen flow of Solanum rostratum (Solanaceae) using backscatter scanning electron microscopy and X-ray microanalysis. American Journal of Botany, 78, 1503-1507. |
[20] | Yang LP (杨利平), Qu P (屈平), Li Y (李燕), Xiao YJ (肖艳杰) (2007) Characteristics of pollination biology of Melastoma affine. Journal of Agricultural University of Hebei (河北农业大学学报), 30(6), 42-45. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[1] | Feifei Zhang, Tianfeng Yang, Lirong Chen, Dongmei Liu, Liuyuan Yang, Duyu Yang, Peng Ju, Lu Lu. Review of pollen color diversity in Angiosperms [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2024, 32(1): 23346-. |
[2] | Reyilamu Maimaitituerxun, Aysajan Abdusalam. Exploring the influence of petal and stamen color on pollinator and reproductive success in Punica granatum [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2023, 31(7): 22633-. |
[3] | Qiujie Zhao, Huijun Guo, Guangtao Meng, Mingchuan Zhong, Jun Yin, Zhuocheng Liu, Pinrong Li, Li Chen, Yi Tao, Sheng Qiu, Hong Wang, Yanhui Zhao. Effects of grazing on bees and suggestions for its ecological restoration [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2023, 31(5): 23037-. |
[4] | Manjuan Huang, Xuemin Wang, Baige Miao, Yanqiong Peng. Diversity of oviposition and pollination behaviors of Ceratosolen spp. in female phase figs of subgenus Sycomorus [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2023, 31(5): 23060-. |
[5] | Fan Wu, Shenyun Liu, Huqiang Jiang, Qian Wang, Kaiwei Chen, Hongliang Li. Pollination difference between Apis cerana cerana and Apis mellifera ligustica during the late autumn and winter [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2023, 31(5): 22528-. |
[6] | Shaofan Luo, Kai Jiang, Weichang Huang. Advances in the convergent evolution of phenotypes and diversification of developmental mechanisms of floral spurs [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2023, 31(11): 23249-. |
[7] | Dexin Liu, Qingfeng Wang, Chunfeng Yang. Flower diversity and pollination strategy in Araceae [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2022, 30(3): 21426-. |
[8] | Zhenghua Xie, Youqiong Wang, Jun Cao, Jianmin Wang, Jiandong An. Ecological resilience of pollination in the face of pollinator decline: Content, mechanism and perspective [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2021, 29(7): 980-994. |
[9] | Demei Hu, Renxiu Yao, Yan Chen, Xiansong You, Shunyu Wang, Xiaoxin Tang, Xiaoyue Wang. Tirpitzia sinensis improves pollination accuracy by promoting the compatible pollen growth [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2021, 29(7): 887-896. |
[10] | Yeqin Du, Di Zhang, Sai Wang, Lei Wang, Xingfu Yan, Zhanhui Tang. Sexual system characteristics of Lilium concolor var. megalanthum in peatland [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2021, 29(10): 1321-1335. |
[11] | Yuanjun Yu, Huolin Luo, Nannan Liu, Dongjin Xiong, Yibo Luo, Boyun Yang. Influence of the climate change on suitable areas of Calanthe sieboldii and its pollinators in China [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2020, 28(7): 769-778. |
[12] | Liyuan Yang, Ruiwu Wang. Asymmetric interactions in fig-fig wasp mutualism [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2020, 28(11): 1324-1332. |
[13] | Tang Min, Zou Yi, Su Qinzhi, Zhou Xin. A new perspective on landscape impact in bee populations: Considering the bee gut microbiome [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2019, 27(5): 516-525. |
[14] | Xiang Wenqian,Ren Mingxun. Adaptive significance of yellow flowered Bombax ceiba (Malvaceae) [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2019, 27(4): 373-379. |
[15] | Tu Yanli,Wang Liping,Wang Xilong,Wang Linlin,Duan Yuanwen. Status of invasive plants on local pollination networks: A case study of Tagetes minuta in Tibet based on pollen grains from pollinators [J]. Biodiv Sci, 2019, 27(3): 306-313. |
Viewed | ||||||
Full text |
|
|||||
Abstract |
|
|||||
Copyright © 2022 Biodiversity Science
Editorial Office of Biodiversity Science, 20 Nanxincun, Xiangshan, Beijing 100093, China
Tel: 010-62836137, 62836665 E-mail: biodiversity@ibcas.ac.cn