生物多样性 ›› 1993, Vol. 01 ›› Issue (1): 30-34.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.1993008

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

SOS!濒临极限的生物多样性

张知彬   

  1. (中国科学院动物研究所, 北京 100080)
  • 收稿日期:1993-08-18 出版日期:1993-11-20 发布日期:1993-11-20

SOS ! Biodiversity Facing An Impasse

ZHANG Zhibin   

  1. Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Science,Beijing 100080
  • Received:1993-08-18 Online:1993-11-20 Published:1993-11-20

摘要: 本文论述了生物多样性的价值、多样性丧失的严重性和后果,以及多样性保护与持续利用的对策。文中强调指出,生物界中的每片基因,每一个物种,每一类生态系统对人类的持久生存都是无价之宝,任何多样性的丧失都是不可逆、不可再生的,因而对人类的损失是难以估量的。然而目前由于人类剧烈的活动干扰如滥砍滥伐、滥捕滥猎、环境污染、火灾、垦荒等,生物多样性丧失的速率怵目惊心!若不赶快行动起来,人类赖以生存的生物多样性将所剩无几,人类生存的危机也将难以避免。从保护与利用及其协同发展出发,本文呼吁要大力开展生物多样性的研究和开发工作,目的一方面在于进一步加强生物多样性的基础调查和研究工作,另一方面在于使生物多样性资源更好地为人类造福。为减缓目前生物多样性所承受的压力及促进其恢复,本文建议对完全依赖野生生物资源的传统产业征收“资源更新税”;而对开发和利用生物多样性资源,不仅不影响野生资源,而且能替代它,或减缓其压力,或促进其恢复的高新技术产业,在税收上给予特别优惠。

AbstractThis paper reviewed the value of biodiversity,the status and results of biodiversity loss as well as strategies for bio-diversity conservation and sustainable exploitation. It was pointed out,each gene fragments,species and ecosystemare valuable to persistent survival for human being,and any loss of biodiversity is inreversable and not overestimat-ed. However, the frequent human activities such as denudation, over-hunting, pollution, fire and so on have causedvast loss of biodiversity,and are reducing the biodiversity greatly. The biodiversity we live on will disappear rapidlyif no emergent measures to be taken,and then the survival crisis of us can not be avioded. Frorn the view of conser-vation in coordination with exploitation,we call on enhanced research and exploitation on biodiversity. This aims topromote the studies and surveys on biodiversity resources in one hand,and to make biodiversity to serve for humanbeing on the other hand. In order to relieve the pressure on biodiversity and help its recovery,we suggested thatgovement should impose an extra"renewable resource tax"on traditional industry or company which totally dependson wild resoures, but to give special tax priority to industry or company using other resources which could helprestoration and conservation, of wild resoures.