生物多样性 ›› 2001, Vol. 09 ›› Issue (4): 336-344.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2001050

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

广西十万大山地区的鱼类区系及其动物地理学分析

赵亚辉,张春光   

  1. (中国科学院动物研究所,  北京 100080)
  • 收稿日期:2001-03-20 修回日期:2001-09-11 出版日期:2001-11-20 发布日期:2001-11-20
  • 通讯作者: 赵亚辉

Fish fauna and zoogeographical analysis of Shi Wan Da Shan Mountains, Guangxi, China

ZHAO Ya-Hui, ZHANG Chun-Guang   

  1. Institute of Zoology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100080
  • Received:2001-03-20 Revised:2001-09-11 Online:2001-11-20 Published:2001-11-20
  • Contact: ZHAO YaHui

摘要: 于1998年和1999年对广西西南部十万大山地区的鱼类区系进行了调查。十万大山是我国大陆最南端的山脉,该地区共有野生鱼类102种,由于南北坡河流分属不同水系,两地的鱼类组成有很大差异。北坡各支流均汇入明江(珠江水系的一个支脉),其鱼类组成具有明显的珠江水系特点,在中国动物地理区划上属华南区珠江亚区。南坡各水系多独流入海,鱼类组成与珠江和海南岛诸水系均有较大共性,反映出地史上这些水系之间曾有着广泛的交流和联系,但与海南岛亚区的鱼类区系成分更为接近,动物地理区划应归属海南岛亚区。

AbstractThe Shi Wan Da Shan Mountains (literally“a hundred thousand gigantic mountains”) are located in the southwestern part of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region , China. The st reams on the northern side of the Shi Wan Da Shan Mountains are mainly the upst ream tributaries of the southern side of the Mingjiang River basin , belonging to the Pearl River system. There are many substantive river st reams on the southern side and the st reams are near to each other but discharge independently into the Beibu Gulf . Due to the complicated geographical conditions in the Shi Wan Da Shan Mountains , the species diversity of fish is very abundant . We collected 84 species and subspecies in the area during the spring of 1998 and the fall of 1999 , and another 18 species and subspecies were recorded in past references.Altogether 102 species and subspecies are found in the Shi Wan Da Shan Mountains. All the fish belong to six orders , 18 families and 65 genera. Among them , 97 species and subspecies are pure f reshwater fishes , belonging to four orders , 16 families and 61 genera. There are 63 species and subspecies in Cypriniformes which account for 64. 95 % of the total f reshwater fish in the area ; 18 species belong to Perciformes which account for 18. 56 %of the total , 15 species are in the Siluriformes which account for 15. 46 % of the total , one species in the Synbranchiformes which accounts for 1. 03 % of the total.Apparently , Cypriniformes constitute the main component of the fish fauna in the Shi Wan Da Shan Mountains. The analysis of average faunal resemblance (AFR) among the different river systems indicates that great differences of the fish fauna exist between the southern side and northern side. Sixty species and subspecies are dist ributed on the northern side , and 78 species and subspecies are on the south side , 40 species and subspecies are shared on both sides , and the AFR between both sides is 59. 6 %.Comparing the fish of the south side to the fish on Hainan Island sixty species and subspecies are shared and the AFR between areas is 67. 8 %. The above analyses indicate that the fish fauna of the south side of the Shi Wan Da Shan Mountains has a much closer relationship to the fish fauna of Hainan Island than to the north side of the same mountains. It is suggested that the similarity of fish fauna between the south side of the Shi Wan Da Shan Mountians and Hainan Island is related to the change of environment during the Quaternary Ice Age. According to the literature , the level of sea descended about 150 meters during that period and the Beibu Gulf might have been a low continental bridge allowing the fishfauna between the two sides to exchang with each other. Regionally , the whole fish fauna of the Shi Wan Da Shan Mountains belongs to the South China Region (SCR) of the great Oritental Region , but the fish fauna of the south side belongs to the Hainan Subregion of SCR and the fish fauna of the northern side belongs to the Pearl River Subregion (SCR) .