巴山冷杉的种实特性及其种子萌发力

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07361

生物多样性 ›› 2008, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (5): 509-515. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07361

巴山冷杉的种实特性及其种子萌发力

邹莉¹^,², 李庆梅³^,^*(), 谢宗强¹

1 中国科学院植物研究所植被与环境变化国家重点实验室, 北京 100093
2 中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100049
3 中国林业科学院林业研究所, 北京 100091

收稿日期:2007-12-03 接受日期:2008-07-03 出版日期:2008-09-20 发布日期:2008-09-20
通讯作者: 李庆梅
作者简介:*(liqm@caf.ac.cn)
基金资助:
林业公益性专项“神农架次生天然林动态与健康维护对策研究”

Fruiting characteristics and seed germination capacity of Abies fargesiiin Shennongjia Nature Reserve

Zou Li¹^,², Li Qingmei³^,^*(), Xie Zongqiang¹

1 State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093
2 Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
3 The Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091

Received:2007-12-03 Accepted:2008-07-03 Online:2008-09-20 Published:2008-09-20
Contact: Li Qingmei

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

对我国特有树种巴山冷杉(Abies fargesii)的球果长、球果宽、球果重量、单果出种量等球果特征和种子长、种子宽、种子厚和种子重等种子特性进行了分析,通过发芽实验测定了种子萌发能力。结果表明, 巴山冷杉球果平均长5.37±0.75 cm, 球果宽3.01±0.32 cm, 球果重量18.93±6.06 g,单果出种量59-567粒,种子长1.08-8.68 mm, 种子宽1.16-6.42 mm, 种子厚0.66-3.48 mm, 千粒重7.30 g。各项球果特征指标和种子特征指标在种群内和种群间均存在显著差异,单果出种量在不同种群的频数分布格局不同。不同母树的种子发芽率和发芽势不等, 且萌发速率也不相同。巴山冷杉种子败育率高,参试种子的空粒率75.79%。

关键词: 种实特性, 球果, 种子, 萌发实验, 发芽率, 发芽势

Abstract

We investigated cone traits of Abies fargesii including length, width, fresh weight, seed numbers per cone, and seed traits including length, width, thickness, seed mass and seed germination capacity. The results showed that the average length and width of the cone were 5.37 ± 0.75 cm and 3.01 ± 0.32 cm, respectively, and its fresh weight was 18.93 ± 6.06 g, the seed number per cone was 59-567. The length, width and thickness of seeds were 1.08-8.68 mm, 1.16-6.42 mm and 0.66-3.48 mm, respectively, and the thousand-seed mass was 7.30 g. One-way ANOVA revealed that fruiting characteristics were significantly different both within and between populations. The distribution pattern of frequency of seed numbers per cone differed in different populations. The seed germination rate, seed germination energy and seed germination speed were different among mother trees. The proportion of empty seeds was high, accounting for 75.79% of the total amount due to seed abortion.

Key words: fruiting characteristics, cone, seed, germination experiment, germination percentage, germination energy

邹莉, 李庆梅, 谢宗强 (2008) 巴山冷杉的种实特性及其种子萌发力. 生物多样性, 16, 509-515. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07361.

Zou Li, Li Qingmei, Xie Zongqiang (2008) Fruiting characteristics and seed germination capacity of Abies fargesiiin Shennongjia Nature Reserve. Biodiversity Science, 16, 509-515. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07361.

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链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07361

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2008/V16/I5/509

图/表 8

参考文献 29

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种群 Population	母树 Mother tree	树高 Height (m)	胸径 DBH (cm)	冠幅 Crown (m×m)	生境 Habitat		种群状态 Situation
种群 Population	母树 Mother tree	树高 Height (m)	胸径 DBH (cm)	冠幅 Crown (m×m)	海拔 Altitude (m)	坡向 Slope direction	种群状态 Situation
I	1	23	59.5	6×7	2,610	NE50°	郁闭纯林 Closed and pure forest
	2	25	25.5	7×7
	3	20	36.7	7×7
II	4	20	44.3	9×7	2,860	SE39°	簇状丛生 Clustered trees
	5	32	55.2	10×10
	6	25	42.5	12×7

种群 Population	母树 Mother tree	树高 Height (m)	胸径 DBH (cm)	冠幅 Crown (m×m)	生境 Habitat		种群状态 Situation
种群 Population	母树 Mother tree	树高 Height (m)	胸径 DBH (cm)	冠幅 Crown (m×m)	海拔 Altitude (m)	坡向 Slope direction	种群状态 Situation
I	1	23	59.5	6×7	2,610	NE50°	郁闭纯林 Closed and pure forest
	2	25	25.5	7×7
	3	20	36.7	7×7
II	4	20	44.3	9×7	2,860	SE39°	簇状丛生 Clustered trees
	5	32	55.2	10×10
	6	25	42.5	12×7

		长 Length (cm)	宽 Width (cm)	鲜重 Fresh weight (g)
种群I (郁闭种群) Population I (in closed forest)	平均值 Mean ± SD	5.10 ± 0.68	2.84 ± 0.26	17.13 ± 3.96
	变异系数 CV (%)	13.33	9.15	23.12
	F	58.568	57.161	3.533
	P	0.000	0.000	0.031
种群II (开阔地种群) Population II (in open habitat)	平均值 Mean ± SD	5.66 ± 0.72	3.18 ± 0.28	20.88 ± 7.25
	变异系数 CV (%)	12.72	8.81	34.72
	F	51.073	15.164	85.196
	P	0.000	0.000	0.000
种群间 Between populations	F	51.898	149.538	37.449
种群间 Between populations	P	0.000	0.000	0.000

		长 Length (cm)	宽 Width (cm)	鲜重 Fresh weight (g)
种群I (郁闭种群) Population I (in closed forest)	平均值 Mean ± SD	5.10 ± 0.68	2.84 ± 0.26	17.13 ± 3.96
	变异系数 CV (%)	13.33	9.15	23.12
	F	58.568	57.161	3.533
	P	0.000	0.000	0.031
种群II (开阔地种群) Population II (in open habitat)	平均值 Mean ± SD	5.66 ± 0.72	3.18 ± 0.28	20.88 ± 7.25
	变异系数 CV (%)	12.72	8.81	34.72
	F	51.073	15.164	85.196
	P	0.000	0.000	0.000
种群间 Between populations	F	51.898	149.538	37.449
种群间 Between populations	P	0.000	0.000	0.000

			长 Length (mm)		宽 Width (mm)		厚 Thickness (mm)		重量 Weight (g)
种群I (郁闭种群) Population I (in closed forest)		平均值 Mean ± SD	6.14 ± 0.90		2.87 ± 0.38		1.79 ± 0.41		0.007 ± 0.004
		变异系数 CV (％)	14.66		13.24		22.91		57.14
		种群II (开阔地种群) Population II (in open habitat)		平均值 Mean ± SD	6.26 ± 0.75		3.08 ± 0.38		1.60 ± 0.25	0.008 ± 0.005
变异系数 CV (％)	11.98			12.34		15.63		62.5
种群间 Between populations	F			9.149		131.412		132.148	42.226
种群间 Between populations	P			0.003		0.000		0.000	0.000
植株间 Between trees	F			548.825		112.095		162.133	49.378
植株间 Between trees	P			0.000		0.000		0.000	0.000

巴山冷杉的种实特性及其种子萌发力

Fruiting characteristics and seed germination capacity of Abies fargesiiin Shennongjia Nature Reserve

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	球果大小 Cone size	单果出种量 Seed quantity per cone	单粒种子质量 Weight per seed
球果大小 Cone size	1	0.696**	0.524**
球果大小 Cone size	.	0.000	0.000
单果出种量 Seed quantity per cone	0.696**	1	0.432**
单果出种量 Seed quantity per cone	0.000	.	0.000
单粒种子质量 Single seed weight	0.524**	0.432**	1
单粒种子质量 Single seed weight	0.000	0.000	.

树种 Tree species	球果长 Cone length (cm)	球果宽 Cone width (cm)	千粒重 1000-seed mass (g)	单果出种量(粒) Quantity of seeds per cone
巴山冷杉 Abies fargesii	3.1-7.2	1.7-3.9	7.30	59-567
秦岭冷杉 A. chensiensis	5.7-12.4	2.7-4.8	31.55	200-460
岷江冷杉 A. faxoniana	4.0-10.0	3.0-4.0	7.80-14.80	214-427
紫果冷杉 A. recurvata	4.0-8.0	3.0-4.0	12.90-14.10	200-407
鳞皮冷杉 A. squamata	5.0-8.0	2.5-3.5	7.50-12.80	144-316
元宝山冷杉 A. yuanbaoshanensis	6.2-10.0	3.4-4.8	16.39-17.23	350-640

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