生物多样性 ›› 2008, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (2): 133-142. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07286
收稿日期:
2007-09-10
接受日期:
2008-01-02
出版日期:
2008-03-20
发布日期:
2008-02-20
通讯作者:
盖钧镒
作者简介:
*E-mail:sri@njau.edu.cn基金资助:
Yanlai Ding, Tuanjie Zhao, Junyi Gai*()
Received:
2007-09-10
Accepted:
2008-01-02
Online:
2008-03-20
Published:
2008-02-20
Contact:
Junyi Gai
摘要:
野生大豆(Glycine soja)是栽培大豆的祖先, 为东亚特有种, 大部分分布在中国。我们采用52对SSR引物和10个植物学性状, 以遗传丰富度和Simpson多样性指数为指标, 对来自中国3个地理生态区域涉及24个省区的196份野生大豆所构成的代表性样本的遗传变异进行了研究, 以期从分子水平和表型水平两个层面上揭示中国野生大豆遗传多样性和地理生态特异性。结果表明: 中国野生大豆群体SSR位点的等位基因平均丰富度 (NA)和平均Simpson多样性指数(H)分别为16.1和0.852, 高于栽培大豆 (NA = 11.4, H = 0.773), 野生群体的遗传多样性明显高于栽培群体。3个地理生态群体中南方群体多样性最高(NA = 12.9, H= 0.842), 黄淮海群体最低(NA= 11.4, H= 0.805), 东北群体居中(NA= 12.5, H= 0.834)。群体间存在遗传分化, 不同群体具有不同的特异等位基因, 位点AW132402 (A2连锁群)、Satt522 (F)、satt150 (M)、Sat_332 (D1a)、Satt046 (K)、sct_190 (K)等的一些等位基因只在特定群体出现, 表现出群体分化后的生态特异性。中国野生大豆植物学性状的群体变异丰富, 平均Simpson多样性指数为0.710。地理群体间存在分化, 最明显的是生育期性状的分化, 反映了地理、光照和温度等生态因子的选择作用, 其中南方地理群体多样性最高(H = 0.671)。SSR分子标记和植物学性状所获结果相对一致, 表明中国野生大豆地理群体间性状分化有其遗传分化的基础。
丁艳来, 赵团结, 盖钧镒 (2008) 中国野生大豆的遗传多样性和生态特异性分析. 生物多样性, 16, 133-142. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07286.
Yanlai Ding, Tuanjie Zhao, Junyi Gai (2008) Genetic diversity and ecological differentiation of Chinese annual wild soybean (Glycine soja). Biodiversity Science, 16, 133-142. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07286.
图1 中国野生与栽培大豆代表性样本地理分布示意图(虚线将全国分成东北、黄淮海和南方三大地理区)
Fig. 1 Geographic distribution of Chinese wild and cultivated soybean samples. Dashed lines divide the whole country into three geographic regions (Northeast China, Huang-Huai-Hai Valleys and South China, abbreviated as NEC, HHH and SOC, respectively).
引物(连锁群) Primer (LG) | 全国 National | 东北 NEC | 黄淮海 HHH | 南方 SOC | 引物(连锁群) Primer (LG) | 全国National | 东北 NEC | 黄淮海HHH | 南方 SOC | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NA | H | NA | H | NA | H | NA | H | NA | H | NA | H | NA | H | NA | H | ||||||||
Sat_385 (A1) | 13 | 0.886 | 10 | 0.864 | 13 | 0.886 | 11 | 0.859 | BE806387 (F) | 10 | 0.843 | 8 | 0.810 | 9 | 0.846 | 8 | 0.784 | ||||||
Satt225 (A1) | 11 | 0.825 | 9 | 0.784 | 7 | 0.776 | 10 | 0.819 | Satt659 (F) | 25 | 0.914 | 22 | 0.930 | 15 | 0.853 | 15 | 0.896 | ||||||
BE820148 (A2) | 19 | 0.901 | 16 | 0.911 | 11 | 0.782 | 18 | 0.911 | Satt522 (F) | 22 | 0.861 | 16 | 0.878 | 14 | 0.834 | 14 | 0.796 | ||||||
AW132402(A2) | 33 | 0.948 | 20 | 0.939 | 19 | 0.906 | 30 | 0.939 | Satt163 (G) | 9 | 0.317 | 5 | 0.286 | 5 | 0.301 | 7 | 0.354 | ||||||
Satt209 (A2) | 7 | 0.531 | 6 | 0.311 | 7 | 0.524 | 7 | 0.644 | Satt324 (G) | 11 | 0.813 | 10 | 0.813 | 7 | 0.727 | 7 | 0.801 | ||||||
Satt509 (B1) | 18 | 0.904 | 13 | 0.884 | 14 | 0.875 | 15 | 0.909 | AF162283 (G) | 12 | 0.837 | 8 | 0.797 | 6 | 0.617 | 13 | 0.899 | ||||||
Satt665 (B1) | 15 | 0.866 | 12 | 0.877 | 9 | 0.809 | 13 | 0.854 | Satt442 (H) | 26 | 0.930 | 19 | 0.908 | 18 | 0.906 | 22 | 0.932 | ||||||
Satt168 (B2) | 13 | 0.870 | 10 | 0.762 | 10 | 0.857 | 12 | 0.876 | Satt302 (H) | 12 | 0.854 | 9 | 0.821 | 9 | 0.774 | 9 | 0.860 | ||||||
Satt020 (B2) | 22 | 0.919 | 19 | 0.918 | 17 | 0.902 | 15 | 0.871 | Satt239 (I) | 18 | 0.915 | 13 | 0.884 | 17 | 0.901 | 14 | 0.868 | ||||||
Sat_337 (C1) | 15 | 0.896 | 13 | 0.887 | 11 | 0.871 | 13 | 0.891 | Sat_299 (I) | 21 | 0.909 | 14 | 0.884 | 15 | 0.865 | 15 | 0.896 | ||||||
Sct_191 (C1) | 12 | 0.871 | 11 | 0.872 | 10 | 0.841 | 9 | 0.845 | AW310961(J) | 19 | 0.927 | 18 | 0.920 | 16 | 0.912 | 15 | 0.904 | ||||||
Satt291 (C2) | 15 | 0.856 | 11 | 0.859 | 11 | 0.845 | 10 | 0.801 | Satt244 (J) | 24 | 0.914 | 16 | 0.892 | 15 | 0.863 | 19 | 0.922 | ||||||
Satt286 (C2) | 20 | 0.848 | 14 | 0.886 | 10 | 0.671 | 17 | 0.847 | Satt046 (K) | 17 | 0.892 | 12 | 0.883 | 15 | 0.876 | 14 | 0.866 | ||||||
Satt277 (C2) | 20 | 0.914 | 16 | 0.904 | 16 | 0.828 | 16 | 0.908 | Sct_190 (K) | 13 | 0.828 | 9 | 0.812 | 7 | 0.798 | 11 | 0.772 | ||||||
Satt307 (C2) | 19 | 0.885 | 14 | 0.889 | 14 | 0.887 | 11 | 0.834 | Sat_293 (K) | 16 | 0.895 | 12 | 0.878 | 13 | 0.859 | 14 | 0.880 | ||||||
Satt316 (C2) | 15 | 0.879 | 12 | 0.891 | 12 | 0.856 | 10 | 0.840 | Satt284 (L) | 10 | 0.832 | 9 | 0.810 | 9 | 0.764 | 9 | 0.853 | ||||||
Sat_332 (D1a) | 14 | 0.856 | 13 | 0.850 | 11 | 0.779 | 10 | 0.788 | Satt373 (L) | 11 | 0.826 | 9 | 0.800 | 8 | 0.818 | 10 | 0.827 | ||||||
Satt436 (D1a) | 12 | 0.807 | 9 | 0.756 | 7 | 0.741 | 11 | 0.852 | Satt150 (M) | 19 | 0.908 | 14 | 0.862 | 14 | 0.879 | 13 | 0.847 | ||||||
Satt147 (D1a) | 15 | 0.820 | 9 | 0.718 | 8 | 0.809 | 14 | 0.861 | Satt567 (M) | 13 | 0.803 | 11 | 0.793 | 10 | 0.757 | 10 | 0.818 | ||||||
BE475343(D1b) | 17 | 0.886 | 15 | 0.881 | 12 | 0.804 | 14 | 0.910 | Satt210 (M) | 16 | 0.875 | 12 | 0.834 | 10 | 0.818 | 15 | 0.898 | ||||||
Satt005 (D1b) | 25 | 0.924 | 19 | 0.926 | 19 | 0.899 | 18 | 0.915 | Satt683 (N) | 27 | 0.909 | 21 | 0.911 | 18 | 0.871 | 23 | 0.889 | ||||||
Sat_289 (D1b) | 12 | 0.880 | 11 | 0.842 | 11 | 0.857 | 11 | 0.862 | Satt234 (N) | 9 | 0.796 | 9 | 0.800 | 7 | 0.727 | 7 | 0.744 | ||||||
Satt443 (D2) | 9 | 0.753 | 6 | 0.733 | 6 | 0.681 | 8 | 0.750 | Satt347 (O) | 11 | 0.736 | 9 | 0.796 | 8 | 0.688 | 7 | 0.692 | ||||||
Satt311 (D2) | 17 | 0.899 | 11 | 0.858 | 12 | 0.875 | 14 | 0.898 | Satt592 (O) | 16 | 0.813 | 12 | 0.855 | 6 | 0.655 | 12 | 0.800 | ||||||
Satt186 (D2) | 13 | 0.879 | 12 | 0.880 | 9 | 0.836 | 12 | 0.886 | 最大值 Max. | 33 | 0.948 | 22 | 0.939 | 19 | 0.912 | 30 | 0.939 | ||||||
Satt720 (E) | 12 | 0.865 | 12 | 0.861 | 10 | 0.848 | 10 | 0.824 | 最小值 Min. | 7 | 0.317 | 5 | 0.286 | 5 | 0.301 | 7 | 0.354 | ||||||
Satt606 (E) | 19 | 0.879 | 15 | 0.868 | 13 | 0.842 | 15 | 0.880 | 总计 Total | 837 | 651 | 594 | 672 | ||||||||||
Satt269 (F) | 18 | 0.910 | 16 | 0.886 | 14 | 0.858 | 15 | 0.906 | 平均 Average | 16.1 | 0.852 | 12.5 | 0.834 | 11.4 | 0.805 | 12.9 | 0.842 |
表1 52个SSR标记所检测的中国野生大豆地理群体的遗传多样性
Table 1 Genetic diversity detected by 52 SSR markers in geographic populations ofGlycine soja in China
引物(连锁群) Primer (LG) | 全国 National | 东北 NEC | 黄淮海 HHH | 南方 SOC | 引物(连锁群) Primer (LG) | 全国National | 东北 NEC | 黄淮海HHH | 南方 SOC | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NA | H | NA | H | NA | H | NA | H | NA | H | NA | H | NA | H | NA | H | ||||||||
Sat_385 (A1) | 13 | 0.886 | 10 | 0.864 | 13 | 0.886 | 11 | 0.859 | BE806387 (F) | 10 | 0.843 | 8 | 0.810 | 9 | 0.846 | 8 | 0.784 | ||||||
Satt225 (A1) | 11 | 0.825 | 9 | 0.784 | 7 | 0.776 | 10 | 0.819 | Satt659 (F) | 25 | 0.914 | 22 | 0.930 | 15 | 0.853 | 15 | 0.896 | ||||||
BE820148 (A2) | 19 | 0.901 | 16 | 0.911 | 11 | 0.782 | 18 | 0.911 | Satt522 (F) | 22 | 0.861 | 16 | 0.878 | 14 | 0.834 | 14 | 0.796 | ||||||
AW132402(A2) | 33 | 0.948 | 20 | 0.939 | 19 | 0.906 | 30 | 0.939 | Satt163 (G) | 9 | 0.317 | 5 | 0.286 | 5 | 0.301 | 7 | 0.354 | ||||||
Satt209 (A2) | 7 | 0.531 | 6 | 0.311 | 7 | 0.524 | 7 | 0.644 | Satt324 (G) | 11 | 0.813 | 10 | 0.813 | 7 | 0.727 | 7 | 0.801 | ||||||
Satt509 (B1) | 18 | 0.904 | 13 | 0.884 | 14 | 0.875 | 15 | 0.909 | AF162283 (G) | 12 | 0.837 | 8 | 0.797 | 6 | 0.617 | 13 | 0.899 | ||||||
Satt665 (B1) | 15 | 0.866 | 12 | 0.877 | 9 | 0.809 | 13 | 0.854 | Satt442 (H) | 26 | 0.930 | 19 | 0.908 | 18 | 0.906 | 22 | 0.932 | ||||||
Satt168 (B2) | 13 | 0.870 | 10 | 0.762 | 10 | 0.857 | 12 | 0.876 | Satt302 (H) | 12 | 0.854 | 9 | 0.821 | 9 | 0.774 | 9 | 0.860 | ||||||
Satt020 (B2) | 22 | 0.919 | 19 | 0.918 | 17 | 0.902 | 15 | 0.871 | Satt239 (I) | 18 | 0.915 | 13 | 0.884 | 17 | 0.901 | 14 | 0.868 | ||||||
Sat_337 (C1) | 15 | 0.896 | 13 | 0.887 | 11 | 0.871 | 13 | 0.891 | Sat_299 (I) | 21 | 0.909 | 14 | 0.884 | 15 | 0.865 | 15 | 0.896 | ||||||
Sct_191 (C1) | 12 | 0.871 | 11 | 0.872 | 10 | 0.841 | 9 | 0.845 | AW310961(J) | 19 | 0.927 | 18 | 0.920 | 16 | 0.912 | 15 | 0.904 | ||||||
Satt291 (C2) | 15 | 0.856 | 11 | 0.859 | 11 | 0.845 | 10 | 0.801 | Satt244 (J) | 24 | 0.914 | 16 | 0.892 | 15 | 0.863 | 19 | 0.922 | ||||||
Satt286 (C2) | 20 | 0.848 | 14 | 0.886 | 10 | 0.671 | 17 | 0.847 | Satt046 (K) | 17 | 0.892 | 12 | 0.883 | 15 | 0.876 | 14 | 0.866 | ||||||
Satt277 (C2) | 20 | 0.914 | 16 | 0.904 | 16 | 0.828 | 16 | 0.908 | Sct_190 (K) | 13 | 0.828 | 9 | 0.812 | 7 | 0.798 | 11 | 0.772 | ||||||
Satt307 (C2) | 19 | 0.885 | 14 | 0.889 | 14 | 0.887 | 11 | 0.834 | Sat_293 (K) | 16 | 0.895 | 12 | 0.878 | 13 | 0.859 | 14 | 0.880 | ||||||
Satt316 (C2) | 15 | 0.879 | 12 | 0.891 | 12 | 0.856 | 10 | 0.840 | Satt284 (L) | 10 | 0.832 | 9 | 0.810 | 9 | 0.764 | 9 | 0.853 | ||||||
Sat_332 (D1a) | 14 | 0.856 | 13 | 0.850 | 11 | 0.779 | 10 | 0.788 | Satt373 (L) | 11 | 0.826 | 9 | 0.800 | 8 | 0.818 | 10 | 0.827 | ||||||
Satt436 (D1a) | 12 | 0.807 | 9 | 0.756 | 7 | 0.741 | 11 | 0.852 | Satt150 (M) | 19 | 0.908 | 14 | 0.862 | 14 | 0.879 | 13 | 0.847 | ||||||
Satt147 (D1a) | 15 | 0.820 | 9 | 0.718 | 8 | 0.809 | 14 | 0.861 | Satt567 (M) | 13 | 0.803 | 11 | 0.793 | 10 | 0.757 | 10 | 0.818 | ||||||
BE475343(D1b) | 17 | 0.886 | 15 | 0.881 | 12 | 0.804 | 14 | 0.910 | Satt210 (M) | 16 | 0.875 | 12 | 0.834 | 10 | 0.818 | 15 | 0.898 | ||||||
Satt005 (D1b) | 25 | 0.924 | 19 | 0.926 | 19 | 0.899 | 18 | 0.915 | Satt683 (N) | 27 | 0.909 | 21 | 0.911 | 18 | 0.871 | 23 | 0.889 | ||||||
Sat_289 (D1b) | 12 | 0.880 | 11 | 0.842 | 11 | 0.857 | 11 | 0.862 | Satt234 (N) | 9 | 0.796 | 9 | 0.800 | 7 | 0.727 | 7 | 0.744 | ||||||
Satt443 (D2) | 9 | 0.753 | 6 | 0.733 | 6 | 0.681 | 8 | 0.750 | Satt347 (O) | 11 | 0.736 | 9 | 0.796 | 8 | 0.688 | 7 | 0.692 | ||||||
Satt311 (D2) | 17 | 0.899 | 11 | 0.858 | 12 | 0.875 | 14 | 0.898 | Satt592 (O) | 16 | 0.813 | 12 | 0.855 | 6 | 0.655 | 12 | 0.800 | ||||||
Satt186 (D2) | 13 | 0.879 | 12 | 0.880 | 9 | 0.836 | 12 | 0.886 | 最大值 Max. | 33 | 0.948 | 22 | 0.939 | 19 | 0.912 | 30 | 0.939 | ||||||
Satt720 (E) | 12 | 0.865 | 12 | 0.861 | 10 | 0.848 | 10 | 0.824 | 最小值 Min. | 7 | 0.317 | 5 | 0.286 | 5 | 0.301 | 7 | 0.354 | ||||||
Satt606 (E) | 19 | 0.879 | 15 | 0.868 | 13 | 0.842 | 15 | 0.880 | 总计 Total | 837 | 651 | 594 | 672 | ||||||||||
Satt269 (F) | 18 | 0.910 | 16 | 0.886 | 14 | 0.858 | 15 | 0.906 | 平均 Average | 16.1 | 0.852 | 12.5 | 0.834 | 11.4 | 0.805 | 12.9 | 0.842 |
遗传丰富度 Allele richness (NA) | 遗传离散度 Simpson diversity index (H) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
全国National | 东北 NEC | 黄淮海HHH | 南方 SOC | 全国National | 东北 NEC | 黄淮海HHH | 南方 SOC | ||
最大值 Maximum | 21 | 9 | 13 | 18 | 0.905 | 0.860 | 0.878 | 0.915 | |
最小值 Minimum | 4 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 0.408 | 0.292 | 0.479 | 0.392 | |
极差 Range | 17 | 7 | 10 | 14 | 0.497 | 0.568 | 0.398 | 0.524 | |
平均值 Mean | 11.4 | 5.6 | 6.9 | 9.6 | 0.773 | 0.729 | 0.737 | 0.748 |
表2 36个SSR标记所检测的中国栽培大豆地理群体的遗传多样性
Table 2 Genetic diversity detected by 36 SSR markers in geographic populations ofGlycine maxin China
遗传丰富度 Allele richness (NA) | 遗传离散度 Simpson diversity index (H) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
全国National | 东北 NEC | 黄淮海HHH | 南方 SOC | 全国National | 东北 NEC | 黄淮海HHH | 南方 SOC | ||
最大值 Maximum | 21 | 9 | 13 | 18 | 0.905 | 0.860 | 0.878 | 0.915 | |
最小值 Minimum | 4 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 0.408 | 0.292 | 0.479 | 0.392 | |
极差 Range | 17 | 7 | 10 | 14 | 0.497 | 0.568 | 0.398 | 0.524 | |
平均值 Mean | 11.4 | 5.6 | 6.9 | 9.6 | 0.773 | 0.729 | 0.737 | 0.748 |
连锁群 LG | 引物 Primer | 等位基因 Allele (bp) | 全国 National (%) | 东北 NEC (%) | 黄淮海 HHH (%) | 南方 SOC (%) | 连锁群LG | 引物 Primer | 等位基因 Allele (bp) | 全国 National (%) | 东北 NEC (%) | 黄淮海 HHH (%) | 南方 SOC (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A2 | BE820148 | 177 | 11.9 | 8.3 | 4.9 | 20.5 | D1a | Sat_332 | 233 | 12.1 | 9.5 | 27.1 | 2.6 |
AW132402 | 348 | 1.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.9 | 230 | 9.6 | 27.0 | 3.4 | 0.0 | |||
340 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.4 | D2 | Satt443 | 244 | 12.8 | 3.2 | 5.0 | 27.4 | ||
336 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.4 | F | Satt269 | 378 | 14.2 | 17.2 | 24.6 | 2.8 | ||
272 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.4 | 374 | 12.7 | 20.3 | 9.8 | 8.3 | ||||
244 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.4 | Satt522 | 281 | 4.2 | 13.8 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |||
236 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.4 | 251 | 11.0 | 1.7 | 5.0 | 23.3 | ||||
188 | 6.3 | 3.3 | 13.3 | 2.9 | I | Satt239 | 197 | 9.1 | 4.8 | 19.7 | 4.1 | ||
144 | 11.1 | 8.3 | 20.0 | 5.8 | 149 | 10.2 | 3.2 | 8.2 | 17.8 | ||||
140 | 9.0 | 6.7 | 3.3 | 15.9 | K | Satt046 | 183 | 7.0 | 0.0 | 3.2 | 16.0 | ||
Satt209 | 174 | 14.9 | 3.2 | 11.5 | 27.3 | Sct_190 | 218 | 8.7 | 25.8 | 0.0 | 1.4 | ||
B2 | Satt168 | 247 | 10.5 | 3.2 | 8.2 | 18.2 | M | Satt150 | 196 | 12.0 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 28.4 |
208 | 18.5 | 40.3 | 13.1 | 5.2 | 169 | 5.7 | 19.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
表3 中国野生大豆地理群体部分SSR位点等位基因(条带大小)的频率分布
Table 3 Frequency distribution of some SSR alleles (band size) in different geographic populations of Glycine soja in China
连锁群 LG | 引物 Primer | 等位基因 Allele (bp) | 全国 National (%) | 东北 NEC (%) | 黄淮海 HHH (%) | 南方 SOC (%) | 连锁群LG | 引物 Primer | 等位基因 Allele (bp) | 全国 National (%) | 东北 NEC (%) | 黄淮海 HHH (%) | 南方 SOC (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A2 | BE820148 | 177 | 11.9 | 8.3 | 4.9 | 20.5 | D1a | Sat_332 | 233 | 12.1 | 9.5 | 27.1 | 2.6 |
AW132402 | 348 | 1.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.9 | 230 | 9.6 | 27.0 | 3.4 | 0.0 | |||
340 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.4 | D2 | Satt443 | 244 | 12.8 | 3.2 | 5.0 | 27.4 | ||
336 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.4 | F | Satt269 | 378 | 14.2 | 17.2 | 24.6 | 2.8 | ||
272 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.4 | 374 | 12.7 | 20.3 | 9.8 | 8.3 | ||||
244 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.4 | Satt522 | 281 | 4.2 | 13.8 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |||
236 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.4 | 251 | 11.0 | 1.7 | 5.0 | 23.3 | ||||
188 | 6.3 | 3.3 | 13.3 | 2.9 | I | Satt239 | 197 | 9.1 | 4.8 | 19.7 | 4.1 | ||
144 | 11.1 | 8.3 | 20.0 | 5.8 | 149 | 10.2 | 3.2 | 8.2 | 17.8 | ||||
140 | 9.0 | 6.7 | 3.3 | 15.9 | K | Satt046 | 183 | 7.0 | 0.0 | 3.2 | 16.0 | ||
Satt209 | 174 | 14.9 | 3.2 | 11.5 | 27.3 | Sct_190 | 218 | 8.7 | 25.8 | 0.0 | 1.4 | ||
B2 | Satt168 | 247 | 10.5 | 3.2 | 8.2 | 18.2 | M | Satt150 | 196 | 12.0 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 28.4 |
208 | 18.5 | 40.3 | 13.1 | 5.2 | 169 | 5.7 | 19.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
性状 Trait | 全国 National (n = 196) | 东北 NEC (n = 62) | 黄淮海 HHH (n = 61) | 南方 SOC (n = 73) | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H | | H | | H | | H | |||||||
全生育期 Whole growth period (WGP) (d) | 105.9±19.1 | 0.905 | 83.7±10.0 | 0.816 | 106.0±6.5 | 0.740 | 124.7±9.3 | 0.783 | ||||||
营养生长期 Vegetative growth period (d) | 55.3±19.3 | 0.910 | 32.7±8.0 | 0.699 | 55.1±7.9 | 0.790 | 74.7±9.1 | 0.834 | ||||||
生殖生长期 Reproductive growth period (RGP) (d) | 50.6±6.5 | 0.909 | 51.0±7.2 | 0.894 | 51.0±6.2 | 0.894 | 50.0±6.1 | 0.915 | ||||||
生殖生长期/全生育期 RGP/WGP | 49.3±10.4 | 0.917 | 61.2±6.4 | 0.853 | 48.2±6.0 | 0.837 | 40.2±4.7 | 0.822 | ||||||
百粒重100-seeds weight (g) | 2.00±1.34 | 0.827 | 1.60±1.04 | 0.680 | 2.02±1.40 | 0.828 | 2.32±1.44 | 0.861 | ||||||
叶面积 Leaf size (cm2) | 17.7±11.25 | 0.896 | 14.4±6.30 | 0.843 | 15.7±12.27 | 0.882 | 22.1±12.27 | 0.902 | ||||||
黑/非黑种皮 Black seed coat/others (%) | 88.78/11.22 | 0.208 | 96.77/3.23 | 0.063 | 88.52/11.48 | 0.211 | 82.19/17.81 | 0.315 | ||||||
有/无泥膜 With/without sootiness (%) | 88.27/11.73 | 0.207 | 93.55/6.45 | 0.121 | 88.52/11.48 | 0.203 | 83.56/16.44 | 0.275 | ||||||
紫花/白花 Purple/white flower (%) | 94.39/5.61 | 0.530 | 96.77/3.23 | 0.529 | 91.80/8.20 | 0.592 | 94.52/5.48 | 0.424 | ||||||
圆叶/披针叶 Ovate/narrow leaf (%) | 91.33/8.67 | 0.705 | 75.81/24.19 | 0.713 | 98.36/1.64 | 0.610 | 98.63/1.37 | 0.578 | ||||||
平均值 Mean | 0.701 | 0.621 | 0.659 | 0.671 |
表4 中国野生大豆地理群体6个数量性状和4个质量性状的表现特点
Table 4 Six quantitative and four qualitative traits in different geographic populations of Glycine soja in China
性状 Trait | 全国 National (n = 196) | 东北 NEC (n = 62) | 黄淮海 HHH (n = 61) | 南方 SOC (n = 73) | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H | | H | | H | | H | |||||||
全生育期 Whole growth period (WGP) (d) | 105.9±19.1 | 0.905 | 83.7±10.0 | 0.816 | 106.0±6.5 | 0.740 | 124.7±9.3 | 0.783 | ||||||
营养生长期 Vegetative growth period (d) | 55.3±19.3 | 0.910 | 32.7±8.0 | 0.699 | 55.1±7.9 | 0.790 | 74.7±9.1 | 0.834 | ||||||
生殖生长期 Reproductive growth period (RGP) (d) | 50.6±6.5 | 0.909 | 51.0±7.2 | 0.894 | 51.0±6.2 | 0.894 | 50.0±6.1 | 0.915 | ||||||
生殖生长期/全生育期 RGP/WGP | 49.3±10.4 | 0.917 | 61.2±6.4 | 0.853 | 48.2±6.0 | 0.837 | 40.2±4.7 | 0.822 | ||||||
百粒重100-seeds weight (g) | 2.00±1.34 | 0.827 | 1.60±1.04 | 0.680 | 2.02±1.40 | 0.828 | 2.32±1.44 | 0.861 | ||||||
叶面积 Leaf size (cm2) | 17.7±11.25 | 0.896 | 14.4±6.30 | 0.843 | 15.7±12.27 | 0.882 | 22.1±12.27 | 0.902 | ||||||
黑/非黑种皮 Black seed coat/others (%) | 88.78/11.22 | 0.208 | 96.77/3.23 | 0.063 | 88.52/11.48 | 0.211 | 82.19/17.81 | 0.315 | ||||||
有/无泥膜 With/without sootiness (%) | 88.27/11.73 | 0.207 | 93.55/6.45 | 0.121 | 88.52/11.48 | 0.203 | 83.56/16.44 | 0.275 | ||||||
紫花/白花 Purple/white flower (%) | 94.39/5.61 | 0.530 | 96.77/3.23 | 0.529 | 91.80/8.20 | 0.592 | 94.52/5.48 | 0.424 | ||||||
圆叶/披针叶 Ovate/narrow leaf (%) | 91.33/8.67 | 0.705 | 75.81/24.19 | 0.713 | 98.36/1.64 | 0.610 | 98.63/1.37 | 0.578 | ||||||
平均值 Mean | 0.701 | 0.621 | 0.659 | 0.671 |
指标/性状 Indicator / trait | 主成分 Principal components | ||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
全国 National | 东北 NEC | 黄淮海 HHH | 南方 SOC | ||||||||||||||||
1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | ||||||||
特征值 Eigenvalues | 3.382 | 2.673 | 1.199 | 3.510 | 2.316 | 1.749 | 4.782 | 1.529 | 1.215 | 3.528 | 2.212 | 1.211 | |||||||
贡献率 Contribution (%) | 33.83 | 26.73 | 11.99 | 35.10 | 23.16 | 17.50 | 47.82 | 15.29 | 12.15 | 35.28 | 22.12 | 12.11 | |||||||
全生育期Whole growth period (WGP) (d) | 0.889 | -0.276 | -0.125 | 0.444 | -0.500 | 0.711 | -0.297 | 0.902 | -0.148 | -0.192 | 0.849 | 0.447 | |||||||
营养生长期 Vegetative growth period (d) | 0.842 | -0.505 | 0.010 | 0.301 | -0.937 | 0.091 | -0.850 | 0.405 | 0.161 | -0.706 | 0.670 | 0.098 | |||||||
生殖生长期Reproductive growth period (RGP) (d) | 0.107 | 0.684 | -0.394 | 0.279 | 0.345 | 0.879 | 0.775 | 0.421 | -0.359 | 0.751 | 0.290 | 0.529 | |||||||
生殖生长期/全生育期 RGP/WGP | -0.743 | 0.641 | -0.080 | -0.115 | 0.926 | 0.349 | 0.914 | -0.080 | -0.261 | 0.892 | -0.253 | 0.285 | |||||||
百粒重 100-seeds weight | 0.567 | 0.727 | -0.051 | 0.933 | 0.096 | -0.107 | 0.875 | 0.345 | 0.149 | 0.758 | 0.461 | -0.326 | |||||||
叶面积 Leaf size | 0.122 | 0.189 | 0.614 | 0.743 | 0.304 | -0.073 | 0.848 | 0.218 | 0.132 | 0.611 | 0.352 | -0.540 | |||||||
种皮色 Seed coat color | -0.455 | -0.687 | -0.037 | 0.769 | 0.078 | -0.419 | 0.481 | -0.390 | 0.199 | -0.164 | -0.034 | 0.183 | |||||||
泥膜 Sootiness of seed | 0.045 | 0.108 | 0.773 | -0.865 | -0.175 | 0.119 | -0.843 | -0.080 | -0.248 | -0.520 | -0.586 | -0.002 | |||||||
花色 Flower color | 0.694 | -0.038 | -0.138 | 0.327 | 0.216 | -0.280 | 0.306 | -0.098 | -0.168 | -0.547 | 0.458 | -0.356 | |||||||
叶形 Leaf shape | 0.541 | 0.643 | 0.153 | 0.512 | -0.162 | 0.239 | 0.128 | 0.179 | 0.895 | 0.300 | 0.064 | -0.287 |
表5 中国野生大豆地理群体植物学性状的主成分分析结果
Table 5 Three principal components and corresponding vectors of botanical traits in geographic populations of Glycine soja in China
指标/性状 Indicator / trait | 主成分 Principal components | ||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
全国 National | 东北 NEC | 黄淮海 HHH | 南方 SOC | ||||||||||||||||
1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | ||||||||
特征值 Eigenvalues | 3.382 | 2.673 | 1.199 | 3.510 | 2.316 | 1.749 | 4.782 | 1.529 | 1.215 | 3.528 | 2.212 | 1.211 | |||||||
贡献率 Contribution (%) | 33.83 | 26.73 | 11.99 | 35.10 | 23.16 | 17.50 | 47.82 | 15.29 | 12.15 | 35.28 | 22.12 | 12.11 | |||||||
全生育期Whole growth period (WGP) (d) | 0.889 | -0.276 | -0.125 | 0.444 | -0.500 | 0.711 | -0.297 | 0.902 | -0.148 | -0.192 | 0.849 | 0.447 | |||||||
营养生长期 Vegetative growth period (d) | 0.842 | -0.505 | 0.010 | 0.301 | -0.937 | 0.091 | -0.850 | 0.405 | 0.161 | -0.706 | 0.670 | 0.098 | |||||||
生殖生长期Reproductive growth period (RGP) (d) | 0.107 | 0.684 | -0.394 | 0.279 | 0.345 | 0.879 | 0.775 | 0.421 | -0.359 | 0.751 | 0.290 | 0.529 | |||||||
生殖生长期/全生育期 RGP/WGP | -0.743 | 0.641 | -0.080 | -0.115 | 0.926 | 0.349 | 0.914 | -0.080 | -0.261 | 0.892 | -0.253 | 0.285 | |||||||
百粒重 100-seeds weight | 0.567 | 0.727 | -0.051 | 0.933 | 0.096 | -0.107 | 0.875 | 0.345 | 0.149 | 0.758 | 0.461 | -0.326 | |||||||
叶面积 Leaf size | 0.122 | 0.189 | 0.614 | 0.743 | 0.304 | -0.073 | 0.848 | 0.218 | 0.132 | 0.611 | 0.352 | -0.540 | |||||||
种皮色 Seed coat color | -0.455 | -0.687 | -0.037 | 0.769 | 0.078 | -0.419 | 0.481 | -0.390 | 0.199 | -0.164 | -0.034 | 0.183 | |||||||
泥膜 Sootiness of seed | 0.045 | 0.108 | 0.773 | -0.865 | -0.175 | 0.119 | -0.843 | -0.080 | -0.248 | -0.520 | -0.586 | -0.002 | |||||||
花色 Flower color | 0.694 | -0.038 | -0.138 | 0.327 | 0.216 | -0.280 | 0.306 | -0.098 | -0.168 | -0.547 | 0.458 | -0.356 | |||||||
叶形 Leaf shape | 0.541 | 0.643 | 0.153 | 0.512 | -0.162 | 0.239 | 0.128 | 0.179 | 0.895 | 0.300 | 0.064 | -0.287 |
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