生物多样性 ›› 2008, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (4): 332-338.  DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07230

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

四川老君山地区红腹角雉的夜栖行为和夜栖地选择

丛培昊, 郑光美()   

  1. 北京师范大学生命科学学院, 生物多样性与生态工程教育部重点实验室, 北京 100875
  • 收稿日期:2007-08-27 接受日期:2007-12-20 出版日期:2008-07-20 发布日期:2008-07-20
  • 通讯作者: 郑光美
  • 作者简介:*E-mail: zhenggm@bnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(30330050);国家自然科学基金(30670289)

The roosting behavior and roost-site selection of Temminck’s tragopan (Tragopan temminckii) in Laojunshan Natural Reserve, Sichuan, China

Cong Peihao, Zheng Guangmei()   

  1. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875
  • Received:2007-08-27 Accepted:2007-12-20 Online:2008-07-20 Published:2008-07-20
  • Contact: Zheng Guangmei

摘要:

2005年4-8月和2006年3-8月, 采用无线电遥测、野外追踪及观察等方法对四川老君山自然保护区红腹角雉(Tragopan temminckii)的夜栖行为和夜栖地选择进行了研究, 共记录树栖19例和地栖2例, 未见2只以上同栖1树。栖枝平均直径4.6 cm, 平均高度6.8 m。夜栖个体天黑前0.5-1 h上树, 黎明后0.5 h左右下树。夜栖时间受季节和天气影响: 晴好天气下, 夏季的平均夜栖时间(615.7 ± 15.7 min)较春季和秋季(658.3 ± 5.9 min)短; 夏季中, 晴好天气夜栖平均时间比不良天气(阴霾、大雾、雨天)(661.5 ± 6.8 min)短。夜栖树隶属于2科(壳斗科、木兰科)6种。研究区内红腹角雉最主要的夜栖地是常绿落叶阔叶混交林—竹灌混交林。在夜栖树周围选取样方并测量了反映夜栖地特征的22个变量, 同时分析19个对照样方以进行比较。方差分析和Mann-Whitney U检验显示, 红腹角雉偏好竹灌丛、乔木层盖度较高的陡峭上坡位山地夜栖。主成分分析显示, 植被因子和栖枝方向因子贡献率最大。

关键词: Tragopan temminckii, 夜栖地, 夜栖树, 生境变量, 老君山

Abstract

The roosting behavior and roost-site selection of Temminck’s tragopan(Tragopan temminckii) in Laojunshan Natural Reserve of Sichuan Province were studied using radio-telemetry and field observations between April and August 2005 and between March and August 2006. Nineteen tree-roosting and two ground-roosting individuals were recorded. Adults and sub-adults roosted in trees individually. The average diameter of the roost branch was 4.6 cm and the average height was 6.8 m. The roosting behavior began at 0.5-1 hour before sunset and ended at about 0.5 hour after dawn. The roosting duration was related with season and weather: shorter in summer (615.7 ± 15.7 min) than in spring and autumn (658.3 ± 5.9 min) with fine weather; and shorter in fine weather than overcast, heavy fog or rain (661.5 ± 6.8 min) in summer. Nineteen roost trees belonged to 6 species of 2 families (Fagaceae and Magnoliaceae). The mixed deciduous-evergreen broad-leaved forest and bamboo-shrubs mixed forest were the most frequently used roosting habitats. The ANOVA and Mann-Whitney U test showed that Temminck’s tragopans prefered roosting in trees with abundant canopy on steep upper slopes of dense bamboo-shrubs. Principal component analysis showed that the vegetation and roost branch direction accounted for most variations of the habitat variable.

Key words: Temminck’s tragopan, roost site, roost tree, habitat variable, Laojunshan