生物多样性 ›› 2020, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (3): 323-332. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019190
张宇阳1,于涛1,马文宝2,王飞3,田成1,李俊清1,*()
收稿日期:
2019-06-06
接受日期:
2019-07-10
出版日期:
2020-03-20
发布日期:
2019-12-24
通讯作者:
李俊清
基金资助:
Yuyang Zhang1,Tao Yu1,Wenbao Ma2,Fei Wang3,Cheng Tian1,Junqing Li1,*()
Received:
2019-06-06
Accepted:
2019-07-10
Online:
2020-03-20
Published:
2019-12-24
Contact:
Junqing Li
摘要:
濒危植物野外回归是扩大极小种群野生植物种群的有效途径。适宜的回归生境是物种生长的必要条件, 研究植物的生理生态特征对不同野外回归生境的适应性, 是科学评价濒危物种种群回归生境适宜性的关键指标。本文以野外回归的极小种群野生植物梓叶槭(Acer catalpifolium)为研究对象, 探讨了无遮荫、林缘、林隙以及林下(郁闭度由小到大) 4种不同光照条件对梓叶槭幼树的形态特征、光合特征、类黄酮指数及叶绿素含量等的影响。结果表明: (1)随着郁闭度的增大, 梓叶槭幼树的基径、冠幅以及新生枝条数量产生差异, 均呈现先增大后减小的趋势; (2)在林缘生境中, 梓叶槭幼树的单叶面积及单叶质量均最大, 比叶面积随着郁闭度的增大而增大; (3)随着郁闭度的增大, 梓叶槭叶片胞间CO2浓度、蒸腾速率及气孔导度均呈现先减小后增大的趋势, 叶绿素含量呈现上升趋势, 类黄酮指数则呈现先增大后减小的趋势。综上可知, 林缘适宜的光照条件更适合梓叶槭野外回归。这一结果可为梓叶槭以及其他极小种群野生植物的回归生境适宜性的探索研究提供借鉴。
张宇阳, 于涛, 马文宝, 王飞, 田成, 李俊清 (2020) 不同郁闭度对野外回归的梓叶槭幼树形态和生理特征的影响. 生物多样性, 28, 323-332. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019190.
Yuyang Zhang, Tao Yu, Wenbao Ma, Fei Wang, Cheng Tian, Junqing Li (2020) Physiological and morphological effects of different canopy densities on reintroduced Acer catalpifolium. Biodiversity Science, 28, 323-332. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2019190.
图3 不同光照条件对野外回归梓叶槭冠幅的影响。 不同字母代表差异显著(P < 0.05)。
Fig. 3 Effects of different light conditions on crown of Acer catalpifolium. Different letters indicate significant differences (P < 0.05).
图4 不同光照条件对野外回归梓叶槭新生枝条数量的影响。 不同字母代表差异显著(P < 0.05)。
Fig. 4 Effects of different light conditions on number of newly stretched branches of Acer catalpifolium. Different letters indicate significant differences (P < 0.05).
无遮荫 No shading | 林缘 Forest edge | 林隙 Gap | 林下 Understory | |
---|---|---|---|---|
叶面积 Leaf area (mm2) | 4,602.43 ± 891.16a | 9,634.17 ± 2,409.41b | 6,443.71 ± 2,652.62ab | 5,012.54 ± 1,391.37a |
单叶质量 Single blade mass (g) | 0.30 ± 0.049a | 0.67 ± 0.38b | 0.26 ± 0.14a | 0.19 ± 0.05a |
比叶面积 Specific leaf area (cm2/g) | 150.71 ± 11.10a | 212.58 ± 80.39b | 266.50 ± 52.15c | 263.01 ± 12.47bc |
表1 不同光照条件对野外回归梓叶槭叶片特征的影响
Table 1 Effects of different light conditions on leaf characteristics of Acer catalpifolium
无遮荫 No shading | 林缘 Forest edge | 林隙 Gap | 林下 Understory | |
---|---|---|---|---|
叶面积 Leaf area (mm2) | 4,602.43 ± 891.16a | 9,634.17 ± 2,409.41b | 6,443.71 ± 2,652.62ab | 5,012.54 ± 1,391.37a |
单叶质量 Single blade mass (g) | 0.30 ± 0.049a | 0.67 ± 0.38b | 0.26 ± 0.14a | 0.19 ± 0.05a |
比叶面积 Specific leaf area (cm2/g) | 150.71 ± 11.10a | 212.58 ± 80.39b | 266.50 ± 52.15c | 263.01 ± 12.47bc |
图5 不同光照条件对野外回归梓叶槭光合特征的影响。 不同字母代表差异显著(P < 0.05)。
Fig. 5 Effects of different light conditions on photosynthetic characteristics of Acer catalpifolium. Different letters indicate significant differences (P < 0.05).
图6 不同光照条件对野外回归梓叶槭叶绿素含量的影响。 不同字母代表差异显著(P < 0.05)。
Fig. 6 Effects of different light conditions on chlorophyll content of Acer catalpifolium. Different letters indicate significant differences (P < 0.05).
类黄酮指数 Flavonoids index | 花青素指数 Anthocyanin index | |
---|---|---|
无遮荫 No shading | 2.26 ± 0.023a | 0.19 ± 0.00098a |
林缘 Forest edge | 2.63 ± 0.045b | 0.17 ± 0.0031b |
林隙 Gap | 2.46 ± 0.045c | 0.20 ± 0.0024c |
林下 Understory | 2.57 ± 0.075b | 0.13 ± 0.0031d |
表2 不同光照条件对野外回归梓叶槭多酚类的影响
Table 2 Effects of different light conditions on polyphenols of Acer catalpifolium
类黄酮指数 Flavonoids index | 花青素指数 Anthocyanin index | |
---|---|---|
无遮荫 No shading | 2.26 ± 0.023a | 0.19 ± 0.00098a |
林缘 Forest edge | 2.63 ± 0.045b | 0.17 ± 0.0031b |
林隙 Gap | 2.46 ± 0.045c | 0.20 ± 0.0024c |
林下 Understory | 2.57 ± 0.075b | 0.13 ± 0.0031d |
1 |
Agrell J, Oleszek W, Stochmal A, Olsen M, Anderson P ( 2003) Herbivore-induced responses in alfalfa (Medicago sativa). Journal of Chemical Ecology, 29, 303-320.
DOI URL |
2 | Aleric KM, Kirkman LK ( 2005) Growth and photosynthetic responses of the federally endangered shrub, Lindera melissifolia (Lauraceae), to varied light environments. American Journal of Botany, 92, 682-689. |
3 |
Bruckova K, Sytar O, Marek ivák, Marián Bresti, Lebeda A ( 2016) The effect of growth conditions on flavonols and anthocyanins accumulation in green and red lettuce. Journal of Central European Agriculture, 17, 986-997.
DOI URL |
4 |
Cartelat A, Cerovic ZG, Goulas Y, Meyer S, Lelarge C, Prioul JL, Barbottin A, Jeuffroy MH, Gate P, Agati G, Moya I ( 2005) Optically assessed contents of leaf polyphenolics and chlorophyll as indicators of nitrogen deficiency in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Field Crops Research, 91, 35-49.
DOI URL |
5 | Chen CD (1999) Biodiversity Research and Protection in Dujiangyan, pp.1-18. Sichuan Science and Technology Press, Chengdu.(in Chinese) |
[ 陈昌笃 ( 1999) 都江堰生物多样性研究与保护, 1-18页. 四川科学技术出版社, 成都.] | |
6 | Dutilleul P, Han L, Valladares F, Messier C ( 2015) Crown traits of coniferous trees and their relation to shade tolerance can differ with leaf type: A biophysical demonstration using computed tomography scanning data. Frontiers in Plant Science, 6, 172-184. |
7 | Golawska S, Leszczynski B, Oleszek W ( 2006) Effect of low and high-saponin lines of alfalfa on pea aphid. Journal of Insect Physiology, 52, 737-743. |
8 |
Guo X, Wang RQ, Wang CD, Xu F, Zhao S, Guo WH ( 2016) Acer truncatum seedlings are more plastic than Quercus variabilis seedlings in response to different light regimes. Dendrobiology, 76, 35-49.
DOI URL |
9 | Hu HL ( 2012) Water Consumption Characteristic and Response to Drought Stress of Eucalyptus grandis. PhD dissertation, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[ 胡红玲 ( 2012) 巨桉耗水特性及其对干旱胁迫的响应. 博士学位论文, 四川农业大学, 成都.] | |
10 | Ji WD, Shi GX, Yang HY, Xu QS, Xu Y, Zhang H ( 2007) Effects of Cu 2+stress on leaf physiological indice and ultrastructure of Potamogeton malaianus . Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 18, 2727-2732. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[ 计汪栋, 施国新, 杨海燕, 徐勤松, 许晔, 张慧 ( 2007) 铜胁迫对竹叶眼子菜叶片生理指标和超微结构的影响. 应用生态学报, 18, 2727-2732.] | |
11 | Jiang ZG, Ma KP ( 2014) The Principles of Conservation Biology. Science Press, Beijing.(in Chinese) |
[ 蒋志刚, 马克平 ( 2014) 保护生物学原理. 科学出版社, 北京.] | |
12 |
Joesting HM, Mccarthy BC, Brown KJ ( 2009) Determining the shade tolerance of American chestnut using morphological and physiological leaf parameters. Forest Ecology and Management, 257, 280-286.
DOI URL |
13 |
Jones C, Hartley S ( 1999) A protein competition model of phenolic allocation. Oikos, 86, 27-44.
DOI URL |
14 | Kandil FE, Grace MH, Seigler DS, Cheeseman JM ( 2004) Polyphenolics in Rhizophora mangle L. leaves and their changes during leaf development and senescence. Trees, 18, 518-528. |
15 |
Katahata SI, Naramoto M, Kakubari Y, Mukai Y ( 2007) Photosynthetic capacity and nitrogen partitioning in foliage of the evergreen shrub daphniphyllum humile along a natural light gradient. Tree Physiology, 27, 199-208.
DOI URL |
16 |
Krause GH ( 1988) Photoinhibition of photosynthesis: An evaluation of damaging and protective mechanisms. Physiologia Plantarum, 74, 566-574.
DOI URL |
17 |
Lei TT, Tabuchi R, Kitao M, Koike T ( 1996) Functional relationship between chlorophyll content, leaf reflectance, and light-capturing efficiency of Japanese forest species. Physiologia Plantarum, 96, 411-418.
DOI URL |
18 |
Li JW, Zhang JX, Zhao Z, Lei XD, Xu XL, Lu XX, Weng DL, Gao Y, Cao LK ( 2013) Use of fluorescence-based sensors to determine the nitrogen status of paddy rice. Journal of Agricultural Science, 151, 862-871.
DOI URL |
19 |
Liu SL, Luo YM, Yang RJ, He CX, Cheng QS, Tao JJ, Ren B, Wang MH, Ma MD ( 2015) High resource-capture and -use efficiency, and effective antioxidant protection contribute to the invasiveness of Alnus formosana plants. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 96, 436-447.
DOI URL |
20 | Liu XJ, Zhu XL, Yao S, Tian Y, Zhu CB ( 2011) Effects of canopy openness and planting density on the growth and yield of Ixeris denticulate (Houtt.) Steb in Baotianman natural forest of Quercus acutidentata. Journal of Henan Agricultural University, 45, 292-296. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[ 刘晓静, 朱学灵, 姚松, 田野, 朱从波 ( 2011) 郁闭度和种植密度对宝天曼天然锐齿栎林下苦荬菜的生长及产量的影响. 河南农业大学学报, 45, 292-296.] | |
21 | Ma WB, Xu G, Ji HJ, Liu XL ( 2014) Preliminary study on germination characteristics of the rare plant Acer catalpifolium. Seed, 33(12), 87-90. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[ 马文宝, 许戈, 姬慧娟, 刘兴良 ( 2014) 珍稀植物梓叶槭种子萌发特性初步研究. 种子, 33(12), 87-90.] | |
22 |
Montgomery R, Chazdon R ( 2002) Light gradient partitioning by tropical tree seedlings in the absence of canopy gaps. Oecologia, 131, 165-174.
DOI URL |
23 |
Mountford EP, Savill PS, Bebber DP ( 2006) Patterns of regeneration and ground vegetation associated with canopy gaps in a managed beechwood in southern England. Forestry, 79, 389-408.
DOI URL |
24 | Nakano Y, Asada K ( 1987) Purification of ascorbate peroxidase in spinach chloroplasts; Its inactivation in ascorbate-depleted medium and reactivation by monodehydroascorbate radical. Plant & Cell Physiology, 28, 131-140. |
25 |
Parelle J, Roudaut JP, Ducrey M ( 2006) Light acclimation and photosynthetic response of beech (Fagus sylvatical) saplings under artificial shading or natural Mediterranean conditions. Annals of Forest Science, 63, 257-266.
DOI URL |
26 |
Poorter L, Bongers F ( 2006) Leaf traits are good predictors of plant performance across 53 rain forest species. Ecology, 87, 1733-1743.
DOI URL |
27 |
Quero JL, Villar R, Maranon T, Zamora R ( 2006) Interactions of drought and shade effects on seedlings of four Quercus species: Physiological and structural leaf responses. New Phytologist, 170, 819-833.
DOI URL |
28 |
Ren H, Zhang QM, Lu HF, Liu HX, Guo QF, Wang J, Jian SG, Bao HO ( 2012) Wild plant species with extremely small populations require conservation and reintroduction in China. Ambio, 41, 913-917.
DOI URL |
29 |
Sang WG, Ma KP, Axmacher JC ( 2011) Securing a future for China’s wild plant resources. BioScience, 61, 720-725.
DOI URL |
30 |
Silvia A, Marta C, Monica G ( 2004) Estimation of Mediterranean forest transpiration and photosynthesis through the use of an ecosystem simulation model driven by remotely sensed data. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 13, 371-380.
DOI URL |
31 |
Smith M, Wu Y, Green O ( 1993) Effect of light and water- stress on photosynthesis and biomass production in Boltonia decurrens (Asteraceae), a threatened species. American Journal of Botany, 80, 859-864.
DOI URL |
32 |
Sparg SG, Light ME, van Staden J ( 2004) Biological activities and distribution of plant saponins. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 94, 219-243.
DOI URL |
33 | State Forestry Administration ( 2009) China’s Key Protected Wild Plant Resources Investigation. China Forestry Publishing House, Beijing.(in Chinese) |
[ 国家林业局( 2009) 中国重点保护野生植物资源调查. 中国林业出版社, 北京.] | |
34 | Taiz L, Zeiger E ( 1998) Plant Physiology Sinauer Associates. Sunderland, Massachusetts. |
35 | Taiz L, Zeiger E ( 2009) Plant Physiology, 4th edn, pp. 330-332. Science Press, Beijing. |
36 |
Tang H, Song LL, Hu YY, Yu WW, Wu JS ( 2015) Growth, photosynthetic and physiological responses of Torreya grandis seedlings to varied light environments. Trees, 29, 1011-1022.
DOI URL |
37 |
Tjus SE, Moiler BL, Scheller HV ( 1999) Photoinhibition of photosystem I damage both reaction center proteins PS I-A and PS I-B and acceptor side located small photosystem I polypeptides. Photosynthesis Research, 60, 75-86.
DOI URL |
38 |
Tremblay N, Wang Z, Bélec C ( 2007) Evaluation of the dualex for the assessment of corn nitrogen status. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 30, 1355-1369.
DOI URL |
39 | U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service ( 1993) Recovery Plan for Pondberry (Lindera rnelissifolia). Atlanta, Georgia. |
40 |
Valladares F, Chico J, Aranda I, Balaguer L, Dizengremel P, Manrique E, Dreyer E ( 2002) The greater seedling high- light tolerance of Quercus robur over Fagus sylvatica is linked to a greater physiological plasticity. Trees, 16, 395-403.
DOI URL |
41 | Wei W, Hou YP, Peng SL, Chen PD, Liang XP, Zhang J ( 2017) Effects of light intensity on growth and biomass allocation of invasive plants Mikania micrantha and Chromolaena odorata. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 37, 6021-6028. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[ 魏巍, 侯玉平, 彭少麟, 陈鹏东, 梁希平, 张静 ( 2017) 不同光照强度对入侵植物薇甘菊(Mikani. micrantha)和飞机草(Chromolaena odorata)生长及生物量分配的影响. 生态学报, 37, 6021-6028.] | |
42 |
Wittmann C, Aschan G, Pfanz H ( 2001) Leaf and twig photosynthesis of young beech Fagus sylvatica and aspen Populus tremula trees grown under different light regime. Basic and Applied Ecology, 2, 145-154.
DOI URL |
43 | Wu GL, Chen M, Du GZ ( 2010) Response of biomass allocation and morphological characteristics to light and nutrient resources for seedlings of three alpine species. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 30, 60-66. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[ 武高林, 陈敏, 杜国祯 ( 2010) 三种高寒植物幼苗生物量分配及性状特征对光照和养分的响应. 生态学报, 30, 60-66.] | |
44 |
Wu J, Li J, Su Y, He Q, Wang J, Qiu Q, Ma J ( 2017) A morphophysiological analysis of the effects of drought and shade on Catalpa bungei plantlets. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 39, 80.
DOI URL |
45 |
Xue CY, Xu F, Qu B ( 2018) Comparison of morphology, photosynthesis, and growth among Xanthium strumarium, X. sibiricum and their hybrid under different nitrogen levels. Biodiversity Science, 26, 554-563. (in Chinese with English abstract)
DOI URL |
[ 薛晨阳, 许玉凤, 曲波 ( 2018) 不同氮水平下瘤突苍耳、苍耳及其杂交种形态、光合及生长特征比较. 生物多样性, 26, 554-563.]
DOI URL |
|
46 |
Yamamoto HY ( 1975) Biochemistry of the violaxanthin cycle in higher plants. Pure and Applied Chemistry, 51, 639-648.
DOI URL |
47 |
Yang L, Zhang DY, Qiu SZ, Gong ZQ, Shen HL ( 2017) Effects of environmental factors on seedling growth and anthocyanin content in Betula ‘Royal Frost’ leaves. Journal of Forestry Research, 28, 1147-1155.
DOI URL |
48 | Yang SF, Gu YS ( 2011) Techniques of planting Aralia mandshurica Maxim with different canopy density in forest land. Forest By-Product and Speciality in China, ( 3), 48-49. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[ 杨淑芬, 谷银森 ( 2011) 调节不同郁闭度林地栽培龙牙楤木丰产技术. 中国林副特产, (3), 48-49.] | |
49 | Yin DS, Shen HL ( 2016) Shade tolerance and the adaptability of forest plants in morphology and physiology: A review. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 27, 2687-2698. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[ 殷东生, 沈海龙 ( 2016) 森林植物耐荫性及其形态和生理适应性研究进展. 应用生态学报, 27, 2687-2698.] | |
50 | Yu DP, Peng QX, Li CH, Xie KP, Zhang GZ, Li SL ( 2008) Research on the biological characters of the seeds of Acer catalpifolium Rehd. China Wild Plant Resource, 27(6), 30-32. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[ 余道平, 彭启新, 李策宏, 谢孔平, 张国珍, 李世丽 ( 2008) 梓叶槭种子生物学特性研究. 中国野生植物资源, 27(6), 30-32.] | |
51 |
Zhang SB, Hu H, Zhou ZK, Xu K, Yan N ( 2005) Photosynthesis in relation to reproductive success of Cypripedium flavum. Annals of Botany, 96, 43-49.
DOI URL |
52 | Zhang XR, Tan XF, Wang RQ, Xu NN, Guo WH ( 2013) Effects of soil moisture and light intensity on ecophysiological characteristics of Amorpha fruticosa seedlings. Forest Research, 24, 293-300. |
53 | Zhang YY, Ma WB, Yu T, Ji HJ, Gao J, Li JQ, Gao S, Ke L ( 2018) Population structure and community characteristics of Acer catalpifolium Rehd. Chinese Journal of Applied & Environmental Biology, 24, 697-703. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[ 张宇阳, 马文宝, 于涛, 姬慧娟, 高健, 李俊清, 高尚, 柯蕾 ( 2018) 梓叶槭的种群结构和群落特征. 应用与环境生物学报, 24, 697-703.] | |
54 | Zhang YY, Yu T, Ma WB, Tian C, Sha ZP, Li JQ ( 2019) Morphological and physiological response of Acer catalpifolium Rehd. seedlings to water and light stresses. Global Ecology and Conservation, e00660. |
55 | Zhang ZD, Xu CY, Dong JW, Jiang ZG ( 2008) Impacts of canopy closure on undergrowth and landscape in scenic recreational forest: A case study of Platycladus orientalis- Robinia pseudoacacia forest in Beijing. Journal of Chinese Urban Forestry, ( 2), 10-13. (in Chinese with English abstract) |
[ 章志都, 徐程扬, 董建文, 连志刚 ( 2008) 郁闭度对风景游憩林林下植被及林内景观的影响. 中国城市林业, ( 2), 10-13.] |
[1] | 蒋景龙, 颜文博, 胡凤成, 王琦, 孙旺, 李耘, 王勇. 濒危植物秦岭石蝴蝶野外回归早期探索[J]. 生物多样性, 2023, 31(3): 22520-. |
[2] | 冯秋红, 李登峰, 于涛, 李俊清, 马文宝, 张雷. 极小种群野生植物梓叶槭的种实表型变异特征[J]. 生物多样性, 2020, 28(3): 314-322. |
阅读次数 | ||||||
全文 |
|
|||||
摘要 |
|
|||||
备案号:京ICP备16067583号-7
Copyright © 2022 版权所有 《生物多样性》编辑部
地址: 北京香山南辛村20号, 邮编:100093
电话: 010-62836137, 62836665 E-mail: biodiversity@ibcas.ac.cn