生物多样性 ›› 2019, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (2): 177-185. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2018266
颜文博1,2,吉晟男3,帅凌鹰4,赵雷刚5,朱大鹏5,曾治高2,*()
收稿日期:
2018-10-06
接受日期:
2019-02-13
出版日期:
2019-02-20
发布日期:
2019-04-16
通讯作者:
曾治高
基金资助:
Yan Wenbo1,2,Ji Shengnan3,Shuai Lingying4,Zhao Leigang5,Zhu Dapeng5,Zeng Zhigao2,*()
Received:
2018-10-06
Accepted:
2019-02-13
Online:
2019-02-20
Published:
2019-04-16
Contact:
Zeng Zhigao
摘要:
物种多样性的空间分布格局一直是生态学和生物地理学研究的一个热点问题。山地生态系统的生境异质性和物种多样性高, 适合研究物种多样性空间分布格局及其相关机制。2016年11月至2017年11月, 本研究选取秦岭南坡陕西洋县辖区作为研究区域, 采用样线法、红外相机法和笼捕/夹捕法, 系统分析了8目21科48种哺乳动物物种多样性的空间分布格局。研究结果发现秦岭南坡洋县辖区哺乳动物物种丰富度的空间分布格局大致是中南部低, 北部和东部高; 物种多样性指数大致是中南部和北部低, 东部高。啮齿类动物和非啮齿类动物的空间分布格局存在差异。哺乳动物物种丰富度和多样性指数的垂直分布格局都符合中峰模式, 但啮齿类动物和非啮齿类动物间存在差异。最优线性模型结果表明, 研究地区哺乳动物物种多样性的空间分布格局受到多种环境因素的共同影响。其中, 年均温与物种多样性的相关性最强, 在6个最优线性模型中贡献都是最大。综上, 秦岭南坡洋县辖区中高海拔区域的物种多样性较高, 应加强对中高海拔地区的保护, 以维系该区域较高的生物多样性。
颜文博,吉晟男,帅凌鹰,赵雷刚,朱大鹏,曾治高 (2019) 秦岭南坡陕西洋县辖区哺乳动物物种多样性的空间分布格局. 生物多样性, 27, 177-185. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2018266.
Yan Wenbo,Ji Shengnan,Shuai Lingying,Zhao Leigang,Zhu Dapeng,Zeng Zhigao (2019) Spatial distribution patterns of mammal diversity in Yangxian County of Shaanxi Province on the southern slope of the Qinling Mountains. Biodiversity Science, 27, 177-185. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2018266.
图1 研究地区的位置及调查设置(a)和人口分布(b)情况。数据来源于中国科学院资源环境科学数据中心(http://www.resdc.cn)。
Fig. 1 Location of study area, the status of survey settings (a) and population distribution (b). The data set is provided by Data Center for Resources and Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (RESDC) (http://www.resdc.cn).
图2 秦岭南坡洋县辖区哺乳动物物种多样性的空间分布格局
Fig. 2 Spatial distribution patterns of mammal species diversity in Yangxian County on the southern slope of the Qinling Mountains
图3 秦岭南坡洋县辖区哺乳动物物种多样性的垂直分布格局
Fig. 3 Elevational distribution patterns of mammal species diversity in Yangxian County on the southern slope of the Qinling Mountains
物种分组 Species groups | 多样性 Diversity | 校正赤池信息准则模型差值(一阶) Corrected Akaike information criterion (Order 1) | 校正赤池信息准则模型差值(二阶) Corrected Akaike information criterion (Order 2) |
---|---|---|---|
哺乳动物总体 Overall | 丰富度 Richness | 16.82 | 0 |
多样性指数 Diversity index | 5.06 | 0 | |
啮齿类动物 Rodents | 丰富度 Richness | 7.82 | 0 |
多样性指数 Diversity index | 1.66 | 0 | |
非啮齿类动物 Non-rodent mammals | 丰富度 Richness | 14.46 | 0 |
多样性指数 Diversity index | 5.13 | 0 |
表1 秦岭南坡洋县辖区哺乳动物物种多样性垂直分布的多项式回归
Table 1 Polynomial regressions for the mammal species diversity along the elevational gradients in Yangxian County on the southern slope of the Qinling Mountains
物种分组 Species groups | 多样性 Diversity | 校正赤池信息准则模型差值(一阶) Corrected Akaike information criterion (Order 1) | 校正赤池信息准则模型差值(二阶) Corrected Akaike information criterion (Order 2) |
---|---|---|---|
哺乳动物总体 Overall | 丰富度 Richness | 16.82 | 0 |
多样性指数 Diversity index | 5.06 | 0 | |
啮齿类动物 Rodents | 丰富度 Richness | 7.82 | 0 |
多样性指数 Diversity index | 1.66 | 0 | |
非啮齿类动物 Non-rodent mammals | 丰富度 Richness | 14.46 | 0 |
多样性指数 Diversity index | 5.13 | 0 |
多样性 Diversity | 环境因子 Environment variables | 因子系数 Coefficient | t | P |
---|---|---|---|---|
哺乳动物总体 Overall | ||||
丰富度 Richness | Tmean | 5.71 | 1.63 | 0.12 |
T2mean | -0.32 | -2.14 | < 0.05 | |
Vegn | 8.96 | 2.09 | 0.05 | |
Vegn2 | -0.99 | -1.71 | 0.11 | |
EVI | -2.38e+03 | -2.17 | < 0.05 | |
EVI2 | 3.62e+03 | 2.25 | < 0.05 | |
多样性指数 Diversity index | Tmean | 1.02 | 2.55 | < 0.05 |
T2mean | -4.73e-02 | -2.21 | < 0.05 | |
AP | -0.16 | -2.31 | < 0.05 | |
AP2 | 9.05e-05 | 2.34 | < 0.05 | |
Vegn2 | 2.59e-02 | 2.28 | < 0.05 | |
啮齿类动物 Rodents | ||||
丰富度 Richness | Tmean | 7.11 | 3.12 | < 0.01 |
T2mean | -0.33 | -3.10 | < 0.01 | |
AP2 | 2.60e-05 | 2.36 | < 0.05 | |
Vegn | 1.04 | 2.73 | < 0.05 | |
EVI | -1.45e+03 | -2.68 | < 0.05 | |
EVI2 | 2.10e+03 | 2.70 | < 0.05 | |
多样性指数 Diversity index | Tmean | 1.43 | 2.13 | < 0.05 |
T2mean | -6.41e-02 | -2.06 | 0.06 | |
AP2 | 3.79e-06 | 1.19 | 0.25 | |
Vegn2 | 1.85e-02 | 1.24 | 0.24 | |
EVI | -2.62e+02 | -1.66 | 0.12 | |
EVI2 | 3.66e+02 | 1.61 | 0.13 | |
非啮齿类动物 Non-rodent mammals | ||||
丰富度 Richness | T2mean | -0.09 | -5.81 | < 0.01 |
Vegn | 5.97 | 1.92 | 0.07 | |
Vegn2 | -0.74 | -1.79 | 0.09 | |
EVI2 | 1.84e+02 | 3.22 | < 0.01 | |
多样性指数 Diversity index | Tmean | 0.94 | 2.35 | < 0.05 |
T2mean | -0.04 | -2.47 | < 0.05 | |
Vegn2 | 0.04 | 3.19 | < 0.01 | |
EVI2 | -16.74 | -1.49 | 0.16 |
表2 秦岭南坡洋县辖区哺乳动物物种多样性与环境因子最优线性模型
Table 2 Determinants of species diversity for mammals from best-fit explanatory models in Yangxian County on the southern slope of the Qinling Mountains
多样性 Diversity | 环境因子 Environment variables | 因子系数 Coefficient | t | P |
---|---|---|---|---|
哺乳动物总体 Overall | ||||
丰富度 Richness | Tmean | 5.71 | 1.63 | 0.12 |
T2mean | -0.32 | -2.14 | < 0.05 | |
Vegn | 8.96 | 2.09 | 0.05 | |
Vegn2 | -0.99 | -1.71 | 0.11 | |
EVI | -2.38e+03 | -2.17 | < 0.05 | |
EVI2 | 3.62e+03 | 2.25 | < 0.05 | |
多样性指数 Diversity index | Tmean | 1.02 | 2.55 | < 0.05 |
T2mean | -4.73e-02 | -2.21 | < 0.05 | |
AP | -0.16 | -2.31 | < 0.05 | |
AP2 | 9.05e-05 | 2.34 | < 0.05 | |
Vegn2 | 2.59e-02 | 2.28 | < 0.05 | |
啮齿类动物 Rodents | ||||
丰富度 Richness | Tmean | 7.11 | 3.12 | < 0.01 |
T2mean | -0.33 | -3.10 | < 0.01 | |
AP2 | 2.60e-05 | 2.36 | < 0.05 | |
Vegn | 1.04 | 2.73 | < 0.05 | |
EVI | -1.45e+03 | -2.68 | < 0.05 | |
EVI2 | 2.10e+03 | 2.70 | < 0.05 | |
多样性指数 Diversity index | Tmean | 1.43 | 2.13 | < 0.05 |
T2mean | -6.41e-02 | -2.06 | 0.06 | |
AP2 | 3.79e-06 | 1.19 | 0.25 | |
Vegn2 | 1.85e-02 | 1.24 | 0.24 | |
EVI | -2.62e+02 | -1.66 | 0.12 | |
EVI2 | 3.66e+02 | 1.61 | 0.13 | |
非啮齿类动物 Non-rodent mammals | ||||
丰富度 Richness | T2mean | -0.09 | -5.81 | < 0.01 |
Vegn | 5.97 | 1.92 | 0.07 | |
Vegn2 | -0.74 | -1.79 | 0.09 | |
EVI2 | 1.84e+02 | 3.22 | < 0.01 | |
多样性指数 Diversity index | Tmean | 0.94 | 2.35 | < 0.05 |
T2mean | -0.04 | -2.47 | < 0.05 | |
Vegn2 | 0.04 | 3.19 | < 0.01 | |
EVI2 | -16.74 | -1.49 | 0.16 |
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