紫茎泽兰入侵对土壤细菌的群落组成和多样性的影响

doi:10.17520/biods.2014158

生物多样性 ›› 2015, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (5): 665-672. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2014158

所属专题：生物多样性与生态系统功能；土壤生物与土壤健康

紫茎泽兰入侵对土壤细菌的群落组成和多样性的影响

朱珣之^1,², 李强¹, 李扬苹³, 韩洪波⁴, 马克平^2,^*()

1 江苏科技大学生物技术学院, 江苏镇江 212018
2 中国科学院植物研究所植被与环境变化国家重点实验室, 北京 100093
3 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园热带森林生态重点实验室, 云南昆明 650223
4 攀枝花学院生物与化学工程学院, 四川攀枝花 617000

收稿日期:2015-02-03 接受日期:2015-04-18 出版日期:2015-09-20 发布日期:2015-10-12
通讯作者: 马克平
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金青年项目(31300466;31100410)和江苏省自然科学基金青年项目(BK20130461)

Eupatorium adenophorum invasion alters soil bacterial community and diversity

Xunzhi Zhu^1,², Qiang Li¹, Yangping Li³, Hongbo Han⁴, Keping Ma^2,^*()

1 College of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212018
2 State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093
3 Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223
4 School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Panzhihua University, Panzhihua, Sichuan 617000

Received:2015-02-03 Accepted:2015-04-18 Online:2015-09-20 Published:2015-10-12
Contact: Ma Keping

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

外来生物入侵可能对生物群落结构和生态系统功能产生多种影响, 但入侵植物与土壤微生物群落组成和多样性的关系尚不清楚。为了揭示外来植物紫茎泽兰(Eupatorium adenophorum)入侵对土壤化学性质和细菌群落组成及多样性的影响, 本研究利用第二代高通量测序技术, 比较了紫茎泽兰不同入侵程度的生境(本地植物群落、紫茎泽兰与本地植物混生群落、紫茎泽兰单优群落)土壤中细菌群落的差异。土壤化学性质分析表明, 土壤pH值、有机质、全N和全K随着紫茎泽兰的入侵而逐渐降低, 而土壤全P则在入侵程度最高的生境土壤中最高。通过测序共获得7,755个细菌OUT (operational taxonomic unit)。结果表明, 紫茎泽兰入侵对土壤的细菌多样性影响较小, ACE和Chao指数在3种不同生境间的差异不显著。细菌在紫茎泽兰与本地植物混生群落中的Shannon指数最低, 即细菌的多样性在中等入侵程度的生境最低。此外, 紫茎泽兰入侵改变了土壤细菌组成和结构, 酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)和疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobia)的相对丰度, 从本地植物群落、混合群落到紫茎泽兰单优群落, 呈现出先增加后减少的趋势。可见, 紫茎泽兰入侵一定程度上改变了土壤微生物的多样性和群落结构, 并改变了土壤的化学性质。

关键词: 植物入侵, Eupatorium adenophorum, 高通量测序, 土壤细菌, 生物多样性

Abstract

The invasion of alien species can affect biological community structure and ecosystem functioning, but the relationships between invasive plants and soil microbial composition and diversity are still unclear. In order to examine the effect of the invasion of an exotic plant Eupatorium adenophorum on soil chemical properties and microbial community structure and diversity, we compared the differences in soil microbial community of three communities with different densities of E. adenophorum (native plant community, E. adenophorum and native plant mixed community, and E. adenophorum dominated community) by high-throughput sequencing. Analysis of soil chemical properties showed that soil pH, organic matter, total nitrogen and total potassium decreased with increasing invasion of E. adenophorum. However, total phosphorus was highest in the most heavily invaded soil. The high-throughput sequencing results showed that there were 7,755 soil microbial OTUs (operational taxonomic unit) in total. The invasion of E. adenophorum did not exert heavy impacts on soil microbial diversity. ACE index and Chao index showed no significant differences among the three different communities. However, soil microbial diversity of the mixed community of E. adenophorum and native plant species showed the lowest Shanonn index. The relative abundances of Acidobacteria and Verrucomicrobia in the medium invaded community were the highest. In sum, the invasion of E. adenophorum altered the diversity and structure of soil microbial communities, and changed the soil chemical properties.

Key words: plant invasion, Eupatorium adenophorum, high throughput sequencing, soil bacteria, biodiversity

朱珣之, 李强, 李扬苹, 韩洪波, 马克平 (2015) 紫茎泽兰入侵对土壤细菌的群落组成和多样性的影响. 生物多样性, 23, 665-672. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2014158.

Xunzhi Zhu, Qiang Li, Yangping Li, Hongbo Han, Keping Ma (2015) Eupatorium adenophorum invasion alters soil bacterial community and diversity. Biodiversity Science, 23, 665-672. DOI: 10.17520/biods.2014158.

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https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2015/V23/I5/665

图/表 5

表1 各样地的土壤化学性质比较。其中样品符号E、D和R分别表示本地植物群落、紫茎泽兰与本地植物混生群落和紫茎泽兰单优群落; 图中数字表示平均值±标准误; 不同字母表示不同土壤该指标差异显著(P <0.05, LSD test)

Table 1 The chemical properties of soil in different sites. E, D, R represent samples from native plant community, Eupatorium adenophorum and native plant mixed community, and E. adenophorum dominated community. Values (mean ± SE) followed by different letters in the same column indicate significant difference at P <0.05 level.

样品 Sample	pH	全N Total N (%)	有机质 Organic matter (%)	全P Total P (mg/kg)	全K Total K (%)
E	6.03±0.19^a	0.337±0.131^a	7.93±3.06^a	1,256.75±249.93^a	1.76±0.08^a
D	5.67±0.26^ac	0.256±0.026^a	6.58±0.86^a	747.00±24.76^a	1.42±0.13^b
R	5.18±0.10^bc	0.250±0.069^a	5.25±1.60^a	5,659.00±615.13^b	0.62±0.08^c

图1 样品在遗传距离0.03下的α丰富度。其中样品符号的字母E、D和R分别表示本地植物群落、紫茎泽兰与本地植物混生群落和紫茎泽兰单优群落。

Fig. 1 Alpha diversity for different samples obtained at genetic distances of 0.03. The letters E, D, R represent samples from native plant community, Eupatorium adenophorum and native plants mixed habitat, and E. adenophorum dominated habitat.

图2 样品在遗传距离0.03下的稀疏曲线

Fig. 2 The rarefaction of different samples obtained at the genetic distances of 0.03

图3 不同分类水平的细菌群落组成。(A)门; (B)目; (C)属。图C中, 不同颜色代表细菌的相对丰度。D1-D4为紫茎泽兰与本地植物混生群落的土壤, E1-E4为本地植物群落的土壤, R1-R4为紫茎泽兰单优群落的土壤。

Fig. 3 Composition of the bacterial community at different taxonomic levels. (A) Phylum; (B) Order; (C) Genus. In (C), different colors represent relative abundances of bacteria. D1-D4 are soils from Eupatorium adenophorum and native plant mixed community; E1-E4 are soils from native plant community; R1-R4 are from communities dominated by E. adenophorum.

图4 基于OTU数据的不同土壤细菌群落的主成分分析

Fig. 4 Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of all microbial communities base on OTU data

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紫茎泽兰入侵对土壤细菌的群落组成和多样性的影响

Eupatorium adenophorum invasion alters soil bacterial community and diversity

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