生物多样性 ›› 2009, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (5): 458-467. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2009.09174
吕浩荣1,2,*(), 刘颂颂1,3, 朱剑云1,2, 叶永昌1, 陈红跃2, 莫罗坚1
收稿日期:
2009-06-30
接受日期:
2009-09-08
出版日期:
2009-09-20
发布日期:
2009-09-20
通讯作者:
吕浩荣
作者简介:
*E-mail: klenmen@126.com基金资助:
Haorong Lü1,2,*(), Songsong Liu1,3, Jianyun Zhu1,2, Yongchang Ye1, Hongyue Chen2, Luojian Mo1
Received:
2009-06-30
Accepted:
2009-09-08
Online:
2009-09-20
Published:
2009-09-20
Contact:
Haorong Lü
摘要:
华南地区的风水林是乡村聚落的一种特色林分, 具有守护村庄的象征意义。在过去的数百年中, 风水林在乡村的社会文化习俗的影响下而受到保护, 对当地的生物多样性保育有着重要作用。为揭示人为干扰对风水林的影响, 我们选择广东省东莞市大岭山镇同一林分起源的3个具有相似地形的风水林, 研究了在不同干扰强度下其林下木本植物种类组成和物种多样性。多响应置换过程(multi-response permutation procedures, MRPP)分析表明, 人为干扰显著改变了风水林林下木本植物组成(P = 0.001, A = 0.3886), 沿着干扰由弱至强的梯度呈现出中生性植物减少、阳生性植物递增的趋势。多样性指数变化趋势为重度干扰>中度干扰>轻度干扰, 但没有表现出统计学意义上的差异(P>0.05)。随着干扰强度的增大, 3个风水林群落相互间的林下物种相似性降低, 物种替代率呈增加趋势。双向聚类分析较好地反映出林下物种因受不同人为干扰强度影响而表现出在空间分布上的差异。指示种分析进一步确定了不同干扰强度下具有显著指示值(IV ≥60)的指示种。综合分析表明, 人为干扰有利于阳性物种在风水林内定居生长, 并明显地改变了林下木本植物组成, 但未能引起物种多样性的显著差异。此外, 找出对人为干扰产生关键生态响应的林下指示种, 对增进风水林的生物多样性保育以及生态系统管理有着重要的理论意义和实践价值。
吕浩荣, 刘颂颂, 朱剑云, 叶永昌, 陈红跃, 莫罗坚 (2009) 人为干扰对风水林群落林下木本植物组成和多样性的影响. 生物多样性, 17, 458-467. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2009.09174.
Haorong Lü, Songsong Liu, Jianyun Zhu, Yongchang Ye, Hongyue Chen, Luojian Mo (2009) Effects of human disturbance on understory woody species composition and diversity in fengshui forests. Biodiversity Science, 17, 458-467. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2009.09174.
干扰因素 Disturbance factors | 干扰强度 Disturbance intensity | ||
---|---|---|---|
大沙村 Dasha Village | 金橘村 Jinju Village | 鸡翅岭村 Jichiling Village | |
道路长度 Road length | 1.59 | 1.00 | 2.01 |
农业土地 Agricultural land | 1.22 | 1.00 | 2.25 |
居民区 Residential area | 1.00 | 1.63 | 1.06 |
工厂区 Factory area | 1.00 | 5.01 | 11.99 |
砍伐程度 Cutting degree | 0 | 1.00 | 1.21 |
垃圾覆盖 Garbage cover | 1.93 | 1.71 | 1.00 |
合计 Total | 6.74 (LD) | 11.35 (MD) | 19.52 (HD) |
表1 3个风水林的人为干扰强度
Table 1 Human disturbance intensity of the three fengshui forests
干扰因素 Disturbance factors | 干扰强度 Disturbance intensity | ||
---|---|---|---|
大沙村 Dasha Village | 金橘村 Jinju Village | 鸡翅岭村 Jichiling Village | |
道路长度 Road length | 1.59 | 1.00 | 2.01 |
农业土地 Agricultural land | 1.22 | 1.00 | 2.25 |
居民区 Residential area | 1.00 | 1.63 | 1.06 |
工厂区 Factory area | 1.00 | 5.01 | 11.99 |
砍伐程度 Cutting degree | 0 | 1.00 | 1.21 |
垃圾覆盖 Garbage cover | 1.93 | 1.71 | 1.00 |
合计 Total | 6.74 (LD) | 11.35 (MD) | 19.52 (HD) |
指示种 Indicator species | 生长型 Growth form | 最大指示值组 Group identifier for group with maximum observed indicator value | 指示值 Indicator value | P值 P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|
紫玉盘 Uvaria microcarpa | 灌木 Shrub | 轻度干扰 Low disturbance (LD) | 65.3 | 0.019* |
朱砂根 Ardisia crenata | 灌木 Shrub | 轻度干扰 Low disturbance (LD) | 95.4 | 0.031* |
桂木 Artocarpus nitidus | 乔木幼苗 Tree seedling | 轻度干扰 Low disturbance (LD) | 100 | 0.031* |
阴香 Cinnamomum burmannii | 乔木幼苗 Tree seedling | 中度干扰 Medium disturbance (MD) | 70.2 | 0.034* |
龙船花 Ixora chinensis | 灌木 Shrub | 重度干扰 High disturbance (HD) | 64.0 | 0.033* |
假鹰爪 Desmos chinensis | 灌木 Shrub | 重度干扰 High disturbance (HD) | 75.7 | 0.033* |
银柴 Aporusa dioica | 乔木幼苗 Tree seedling | 重度干扰 High disturbance (HD) | 82.4 | 0.033* |
山蒲桃 Syzygium levinei | 乔木幼苗 Tree seedling | 重度干扰 High disturbance (HD) | 90.9 | 0.033* |
鬼灯笼 Clerodendrum fortunatum | 灌木 Shrub | 重度干扰 High disturbance (HD) | 100 | 0.033* |
白背叶 Mallotus apelta | 灌木 Shrub | 重度干扰 High disturbance (HD) | 100 | 0.033* |
表2 不同干扰强度下风水林林下木本植物指示种
Table 2 Indicator species of understory woody plants along a disturbance gradient in three fengshui forests
指示种 Indicator species | 生长型 Growth form | 最大指示值组 Group identifier for group with maximum observed indicator value | 指示值 Indicator value | P值 P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|
紫玉盘 Uvaria microcarpa | 灌木 Shrub | 轻度干扰 Low disturbance (LD) | 65.3 | 0.019* |
朱砂根 Ardisia crenata | 灌木 Shrub | 轻度干扰 Low disturbance (LD) | 95.4 | 0.031* |
桂木 Artocarpus nitidus | 乔木幼苗 Tree seedling | 轻度干扰 Low disturbance (LD) | 100 | 0.031* |
阴香 Cinnamomum burmannii | 乔木幼苗 Tree seedling | 中度干扰 Medium disturbance (MD) | 70.2 | 0.034* |
龙船花 Ixora chinensis | 灌木 Shrub | 重度干扰 High disturbance (HD) | 64.0 | 0.033* |
假鹰爪 Desmos chinensis | 灌木 Shrub | 重度干扰 High disturbance (HD) | 75.7 | 0.033* |
银柴 Aporusa dioica | 乔木幼苗 Tree seedling | 重度干扰 High disturbance (HD) | 82.4 | 0.033* |
山蒲桃 Syzygium levinei | 乔木幼苗 Tree seedling | 重度干扰 High disturbance (HD) | 90.9 | 0.033* |
鬼灯笼 Clerodendrum fortunatum | 灌木 Shrub | 重度干扰 High disturbance (HD) | 100 | 0.033* |
白背叶 Mallotus apelta | 灌木 Shrub | 重度干扰 High disturbance (HD) | 100 | 0.033* |
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