生物多样性 ›› 2009, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (4): 353-361.  DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2009.09055

所属专题: 保护生物学: 现状和挑战

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

近缘种比较研究在植物入侵生态学中的应用

王坤, 杨继, 陈家宽*()   

  1. 复旦大学生物多样性科学研究所, 生物多样性与生态工程教育部重点实验室, 上海 200433
  • 收稿日期:2009-03-10 接受日期:2009-05-15 出版日期:2009-07-20 发布日期:2009-07-20
  • 通讯作者: 陈家宽
  • 作者简介:*E-mail: jkchen@fudan.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点基础研究发展计划(2009CB119200)

The applications of congeneric comparisons in plant invasion ecology

Kun Wang, Ji Yang, Jiakuan Chen*()   

  1. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, Institute of Biodiversity Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433
  • Received:2009-03-10 Accepted:2009-05-15 Online:2009-07-20 Published:2009-07-20
  • Contact: Jiakuan Chen

摘要:

为什么有些物种能够成功入侵而有些物种却入侵失败?这是一直困扰入侵生态学家的问题。人们已从不同角度开展了研究, 其中包括不同物种之间的比较。然而以往对不同物种进行比较时往往忽略了亲缘关系对比较研究的影响, 使得出的结果不具可比性。将入侵种与其近缘的土著种或入侵能力不强的外来种进行比较则能够排除亲缘关系带来的影响, 使结果更加具有说服力。现有资料表明近缘种比较已广泛应用于菊科、禾本科、松科等科入侵植物的研究, 探讨与这些植物入侵有关的生物学特性以及生境的可入侵性、入侵的预测和入侵控制等入侵生态学的核心问题。本文综述了入侵种与其近缘种比较在研究生物入侵几个重要问题中的应用, 包括物种的入侵性、群落的可入侵性以及入侵种预测研究, 并分析了近缘种比较研究的发展方向。

关键词: 生物入侵, 近缘种, 比较, 入侵性, 预测, 控制

Abstract

Ecologists are always perplexed with the question: why do some species become invasive but others not. A number of studies from different aspects have been conducted including the comparison among different species. However, satisfactory explanations for invasion success remain elusive, and the effects of taxonomical relatedness on the comparative studies have been neglected, making the results incomparable. Comparing the invasive species with their congeners or comparing exotic species of varying invasiveness can partially avoid the bias due to taxonomical relatedness and enhance the credibility of the results. Congeneric comparisons have been widely used in the study of invasive species from the families of Asteraceae, Gramineae and Pinaceae, approaching some important issues that are stressed in the invasion biology of these taxa: biological traits, habitat invasibility, invasion prediction and control. Here we review the applications of comparative studies of congeners in invasion ecology, with an emphasis on their importance and recent progress.

Key words: biological invasion, congener, comparison, invasiveness, prediction, control