湄洲湾潮间带底栖生物多样性

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2010.161

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了了解福建省湄洲湾潮间带底栖生物的物种多样性、数量时空分布及群落结构现状, 2005年11月和2006年4月在湄洲湾潮间带选择了灵川(Mch1)、苏厝(Mch2)、郭厝(Mch3)、东吴(Mch4)和东桥(Mch5)5条断面进行了调查。共鉴定潮间带底栖生物225种, 其中多毛类、软体动物和甲壳动物占总种数的88.00%, 三者构成潮间带底栖生物的主要类群。断面间比较, 东桥断面种数较多, 苏厝断面较少。季节比较, 春季各断面种类较秋季多。平均生物量22.91 g/m², 以软体动物居第一位, 甲壳动物居第二位; 平均栖息密度为388个/m², 以多毛类居第一位, 软体动物居第二位。生物量以中潮区>低潮区>高潮区; 栖息密度以低潮区>中潮区>高潮区。调查结果显示湄洲湾潮间带底栖生物物种多样性较高, 群落结构相对稳定。

关键词: 滨海湿地, 生态, 群落结构

Abstract

In order to understand the biological diversity and the stability of intertidal communities in Meizhou Bay, and to conduct assessement on the environmental quality, we investigated the benthic diversity in Meizhou Bay, Fujian Province in November 2005 and April 2006. A total of 225 species of intertidal benthos from shore wetlands in Meizhou Bay was reported. Polychaetes, Molluscs and Crustaceans accounted for 88% of all species. The number of benthic species differed between transects and was greater in spring than autumn. Average biomass and density were 22.91 g/m² and 388 inds./m², respectively. In terms of biomass, Molluscs exhibited the highest and Crustaceans the second, and in terms of density Polychaetes showed highest, followed by Molluscs. Biomass of middle tidal zones was higher than that of high or low tidal zones. Density of benthic invertebrates among tidal zones, ranked from highest to lowest, was as follows: low tidal zone, middle tidal zone, and high tidal zone. Both biomass and density were lowest in the high tidal zone. Both biomass and density were higher in spring than in autumn. Using the ABC (abundance biomass comparison) curve to analyze the structure of the intertidal community in Meizhou Bay, it was found that the overall disturbance is not apparent. The results suggest that this area retains some of its environmental carrying capacity.

Key words: shore wetlands, ecology, community structure

黄雅琴, 李荣冠, 王建军, 郑成兴, 郑凤武, 林俊辉, 江锦祥, 李淑珠 (2010) 湄洲湾潮间带底栖生物多样性. 生物多样性, 18, 156-161. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2010.161.

Huang Yaqin, Li Rongguan, Wang Jianjun, Zheng Chengxing, Zheng Fengwu, Lin Junhui, Jiang Jinxiang, Li Shuzhu (2010) Intertidal benthos diversity in the Meizhou Bay, Fujian Province. Biodiversity Science, 18, 156-161. DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2010.161.

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/10.3724/SP.J.1003.2010.161

https://www.biodiversity-science.net/CN/Y2010/V18/I2/156

图/表 6

参考文献 19

[1]	Bao YX (鲍毅新), Ge BM (葛宝明), Zheng X (郑祥), Cheng HY (程宏毅) (2006) Spatial distribution and seasonal variation of the macrobenthic community on tidal flats of Tianhe, Wenzhou Bay. Acta Zoologica Sinica (动物学报), 52,45-52. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[2]	Ge BM (葛宝明), Bao YX (鲍毅新), Zheng X (郑祥), Cheng HY (程宏毅) (2005) The structure of macrobenthic community and niche analysis at a tidal flat of Lingkun Island. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 25,3037-3043. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[3]	Hu ZY (胡知渊), Bao YX (鲍毅新), Ge BM (葛宝明), Li HH (李欢欢) (2006) Macrobenthic community and niche analysis creeks during autumn in diked tidal flat. Acta Zoologica Sinica (动物学报), 52,800-809. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[4]	Jin L (金亮), Cai LZ (蔡立哲), Zhou XP (周细平), Xu HL (徐华林) (2007) Secondary production of macrobenthos on the mudflat of northern Shenzhen Bay. Journal of Oceanography in Taiwan Strait (台湾海峡), 26,413-421. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[5]	Li HH (李欢欢), Bao YX (鲍毅新), Hu ZY (胡知渊), Ge BM (葛宝明) (2007) Seasonal dynamics of macrobenthic functional groups and trophic levels in the construction zone of Hangzhou Bay, China. Acta Zoologica Sinica (动物学报), 53,1011-1023. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[6]	Li RG (李荣冠), Jiang JX (江锦祥), Lu L (鲁琳), Zheng FW (郑凤武), Wu QQ (吴启泉), Li CY (李传燕) (1993) Species composition and distribution of benthos in intertidal zone of Daya Bay. Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica (海洋与湖沼), 24,527-535. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[7]	Li RG (李荣冠), Jiang JX (江锦祥) (1994) Ecology on intertidal benthos of sandy beach around international airport, Changle. Journal of Oceanography in Taiwan Strait (台湾海峡), 13,290-296. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[8]	Li RG (李荣冠), Jiang JX (江锦祥), Wu QQ (吴启泉), Lu L (鲁琳), Zheng FW (郑凤武), Huang XG (黄心光) (1995a) Communities of intertidal benthos near the Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station. Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica (海洋与湖沼), 26(Suppl.),91-101. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[9]	Li RG (李荣冠), Jiang JX (江锦祥), Lu L (鲁琳), Zheng FW (郑凤武), Xu HZ (徐惠州), Huang XG (黄心光) (1995b) Communities of benthos in soft intertidal zone of Xiamen Island. In: Proceedings of Symposium of Marine Sciences in Taiwan Strait and Its Adjacent Waters (台湾海峡及邻近海域海洋科学讨论会论文集), pp.386-393. Ocean Press, Beijing. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[10]	Li RG (李荣冠), Jiang JX (江锦祥), Lu L (鲁琳), Zheng FW (郑凤武), Xu HZ (徐惠州), Huang XG (黄心光) (1996) Ecological study on soft intertidal zone in Gulangyu Island. Acta Oceanologica Sinica (海洋学报), 18,117-123. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[11]	Li RG (李荣冠), Jiang JX (江锦祥), Wu QQ (吴启泉), Li CY (李传燕), Zheng FW (郑凤武), Lu L (鲁琳), Huang XG (黄心光) (1999) Quantitation and distribution of intertidal benthos, near Nuclear Power Station of Daya Bay. Journal of Oceanography in Taiwan Strait (台湾海峡), 18,365-371. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[12]	Li XZ (李新正), Li BQ (李宝泉), Wang HF (王洪法), Wang JB (王金宝), Zhang BL (张宝琳) (2006) Macrobenthic community of intertidal zone of Jiaozhou Bay. Acta Zoologica Sinica (动物学报), 52,612-618. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[13]	Li XZ (李新正), Li BQ (李宝泉), Wang HF (王洪法), Wang SQ (王少青), Wang JB (王金宝), Zhang BL (张宝琳) (2007) Macrobenthic community characters of Zhubi Reef, Nansha Islands, South China Sea. Acta Zoologica Sinica (动物学报), 53,83-94. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[14]	Ma KP (马克平), Liu YM (刘玉明) (1994) Measurement of biotic community diversity. I. α diversity(Part 2). Chinese Biodiversity (生物多样性), 2,231-239. (in Chinese)
[15]	Warwick RM (1986) A new method for detecting pollution effects on marine macrobenthic communities. Marine Biology, 92,557-562.
[16]	Warwick RM, Pearson TH,Ruswahyuni (1987) Detection of pollution effects on marine macrobenthos: further evaluation of the species abundance/biomass method. Marine Biology, 95,193-200.
[17]	Zhang QT (张青田), Hu GK (胡桂坤) (2005) Investigation and structure analysis of macrobenthos community in Tanggu intertidal zone. Journal of Zhejiang Ocean University Natural Science (浙江海洋学院学报(自然科学版)), 24,16-21. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[18]	Zhou SQ (周时强), Guo F (郭丰), Wu LS (吴荔生), Li RG (李荣冠) (2001) The study on the ecology of the benthic community in intertidal zone, Fujian Islands. Acta Oceanologica Sinica (海洋学报(中文版)), 23(5),104-109. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[19]	Zhou H (周红), Zhang ZN (张志南) (2003) Rationale of the multivariate statistical software Primer and its application in benthic community ecology. Journal of Ocean University of Qingdao (青岛海洋大学学报), 33,58-64. (in Chinese with English abstract)

季节 Season	断面 Transect	物种数 Total species	Margalef物种丰富度指数 Margalef species richness index(d)	Shannon-Wiener多样性指数 Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H′)	Pielou均匀度指数 Pielou evenness index (J)	优势度指数 Simpson dominance index (C)
秋季 Autumn	灵川 Lingchuan (Mch1)	61	8.16	3.13	0.761	0.1010
	苏厝 Sucuo (Mch2)	41	5.56	2.93	0.789	0.0913
	郭厝 Guocuo (Mch3)	49	6.85	3.32	0.853	0.0585
	东吴 Dongwu (Mch4)	47	6.26	2.88	0.747	0.1020
	东桥 Dongqiao (Mch5)	46	6.36	3.21	0.838	0.0609
春季 Spring	灵川 Lingchuan (Mch1)	68	8.18	2.04	0.483	0.3790
	苏厝 Sucuo (Mch2)	59	7.55	2.51	0.615	0.2030
	郭厝 Guocuo (Mch3)	67	8.58	3.37	0.802	0.0567
	东吴 Dongwu (Mch4)	81	10.50	3.61	0.822	0.0494
	东桥 Dongqiao (Mch5)	77	9.62	3.36	0.775	0.0674

季节 Season	断面 Transect	物种数 Total species	Margalef物种丰富度指数 Margalef species richness index(d)	Shannon-Wiener多样性指数 Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H′)	Pielou均匀度指数 Pielou evenness index (J)	优势度指数 Simpson dominance index (C)
秋季 Autumn	灵川 Lingchuan (Mch1)	61	8.16	3.13	0.761	0.1010
	苏厝 Sucuo (Mch2)	41	5.56	2.93	0.789	0.0913
	郭厝 Guocuo (Mch3)	49	6.85	3.32	0.853	0.0585
	东吴 Dongwu (Mch4)	47	6.26	2.88	0.747	0.1020
	东桥 Dongqiao (Mch5)	46	6.36	3.21	0.838	0.0609
春季 Spring	灵川 Lingchuan (Mch1)	68	8.18	2.04	0.483	0.3790
	苏厝 Sucuo (Mch2)	59	7.55	2.51	0.615	0.2030
	郭厝 Guocuo (Mch3)	67	8.58	3.37	0.802	0.0567
	东吴 Dongwu (Mch4)	81	10.50	3.61	0.822	0.0494
	东桥 Dongqiao (Mch5)	77	9.62	3.36	0.775	0.0674

物种 Species	秋季 Autumn	春季 Spring	物种 Species	秋季 Autumn	春季 Spring
环节动物门 Annelida			似蛰虫 Amaeana trilobata	+	+
背褶沙蚕 Tambalagamia fauveli	+		树蛰虫 Pista cristata	+	+
拟突齿沙蚕 Paraleonnates uschakovi	+	+	软体动物门 Mollusca
长吻吻沙蚕 Glycera chirori	+	+	刀明樱蛤 Moerella culter	+	+
寡节甘吻沙蚕 Glycinde gurjanvoae	+	+	缢蛏 Sinonovacula constricta		+
多鳃卷吻沙蚕 Nephtys polybranchia	+		菲律宾蛤仔 Ruditapes philippinarum		+
寡鳃卷吻沙蚕 N. oliobranchia	+	+	渤海鸭嘴蛤 Laternula(Exolaternula)marilina		+
无叉矛毛虫 Phylo kupfferi	+	+	短拟沼螺 Assiminea brevicula	+	+
丝鳃稚齿虫 Prionospio malmgreni	+	+	珠带拟蟹守螺 Cerithidea cingulata	+	+
独毛虫一种 Tharyxsp.	+	+	秀丽织纹螺 Nassarius(Reticunassa)festivus	+	+
中蚓虫一种 Mediomastussp.	+	+	泥螺 Bullacta exarata	+	+
异蚓虫一种 Heteromastussp.	+	+	节肢动物门 Arthropoda
毡毛岩虫 Marphysa stragulun	+	+	塞切尔泥钩虾 Eriopisella sechellensis	+	+
特矶蚕 Euniphysa aculeata	+	+	廉形叶钩虾 Jassa falacata		+
纳加索沙蚕 Lumbrineris nagae	+	+	哥伦比亚刀钩虾 Aoroiudes columbiae		+
异足索沙蚕 L. heteropoda	+		日本大螯蜚 Grandidierella japonica	+	+
四索沙蚕 L. tetraura	+	+	角突麦杆虫 Caprella scaura		+
双唇索沙蚕 L. cruzensis	+	+	模糊新短眼蟹 Neoxenophthalmus obscurus	+	+
不倒翁虫 Sternaspis scutata	+	+	弧边招潮 Uca(Deltuca)arcuata	+	+
梳鳃虫 Terebellides stroemii	+	+	秀丽长方蟹 Metaplax elegans	+	+

物种 Species	秋季 Autumn	春季 Spring	物种 Species	秋季 Autumn	春季 Spring
环节动物门 Annelida			似蛰虫 Amaeana trilobata	+	+
背褶沙蚕 Tambalagamia fauveli	+		树蛰虫 Pista cristata	+	+
拟突齿沙蚕 Paraleonnates uschakovi	+	+	软体动物门 Mollusca
长吻吻沙蚕 Glycera chirori	+	+	刀明樱蛤 Moerella culter	+	+
寡节甘吻沙蚕 Glycinde gurjanvoae	+	+	缢蛏 Sinonovacula constricta		+
多鳃卷吻沙蚕 Nephtys polybranchia	+		菲律宾蛤仔 Ruditapes philippinarum		+
寡鳃卷吻沙蚕 N. oliobranchia	+	+	渤海鸭嘴蛤 Laternula(Exolaternula)marilina		+
无叉矛毛虫 Phylo kupfferi	+	+	短拟沼螺 Assiminea brevicula	+	+
丝鳃稚齿虫 Prionospio malmgreni	+	+	珠带拟蟹守螺 Cerithidea cingulata	+	+
独毛虫一种 Tharyxsp.	+	+	秀丽织纹螺 Nassarius(Reticunassa)festivus	+	+
中蚓虫一种 Mediomastussp.	+	+	泥螺 Bullacta exarata	+	+
异蚓虫一种 Heteromastussp.	+	+	节肢动物门 Arthropoda
毡毛岩虫 Marphysa stragulun	+	+	塞切尔泥钩虾 Eriopisella sechellensis	+	+
特矶蚕 Euniphysa aculeata	+	+	廉形叶钩虾 Jassa falacata		+
纳加索沙蚕 Lumbrineris nagae	+	+	哥伦比亚刀钩虾 Aoroiudes columbiae		+
异足索沙蚕 L. heteropoda	+		日本大螯蜚 Grandidierella japonica	+	+
四索沙蚕 L. tetraura	+	+	角突麦杆虫 Caprella scaura		+
双唇索沙蚕 L. cruzensis	+	+	模糊新短眼蟹 Neoxenophthalmus obscurus	+	+
不倒翁虫 Sternaspis scutata	+	+	弧边招潮 Uca(Deltuca)arcuata	+	+
梳鳃虫 Terebellides stroemii	+	+	秀丽长方蟹 Metaplax elegans	+	+