生物多样性 ›› 2020, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (8): 965-972.  DOI: 10.17520/biods.2020041

所属专题: 昆虫多样性与生态功能

• 蝴蝶多样性观测专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

秦岭国家植物园蝴蝶群落结构与多样性

房丽君1,*(), 张宇军1, 邢小宇2   

  1. 1. 陕西省植物资源保护与利用工程技术研究中心, 陕西省西安植物园(陕西省植物研究所), 西安 710061
    2. 秦岭国家植物园, 西安 710061;
  • 收稿日期:2020-02-13 接受日期:2020-09-18 出版日期:2020-08-20 发布日期:2020-10-12
  • 通讯作者: 房丽君
  • 作者简介:. E-mail: fanglijunn@hotmail.com
  • 基金资助:
    生态环境部生物多样性保护重大工程、国家自然科学基金(31750002);陕西省科学院重点项目(2016K-06);陕西省科学院科技计划配套与奖励项目(2019K)

Butterfly community structure and diversity in Qinling National Botanical Garden, China

Lijun Fang1,*(), Yujun Zhang1, Xiaoyu Xing2   

  1. Shaanxi Engineering Research Centre for Conservation and Utilization of Botanical Resources, Xi’an Botanical Garden of Shaanxi Province (Institute of Botany of Shaanxi Province), Xi’an 710061;
    Qinling National Botanical Garden, Xi’an 710061;;
  • Received:2020-02-13 Accepted:2020-09-18 Online:2020-08-20 Published:2020-10-12
  • Contact: Lijun Fang

摘要:

为了查明秦岭国家植物园蝴蝶资源和多样性状况, 本研究选取了5种生境, 利用样线法进行了3年的蝴蝶多样性观测。结果表明: 秦岭国家植物园蝴蝶共有5科76属134种; 物种丰富度指数、物种多样性指数、均匀度指数和优势度指数分别为1.3295、3.4616、0.7068和0.7656; 其中蛱蝶科属数及物种数最多(33属65种), 凤蝶科最低(5属10种); 蛱蝶科物种多样性指数及物种丰富度指数最高, 分别为2.8525及1.3622; 凤蝶科多样性指数最低(1.4936); 粉蝶科物种丰富度指数最低(0.2790)。5种生境中, 随着植被丰富度的增加, 蝴蝶多样性指数上升。

关键词: 昆虫纲, 鳞翅目, 蝴蝶多样性, 物种丰富度

Abstract

In order to determine butterfly resources and diversity status of the Qinling National Botanical Garden, we used the transect method across three years to observe butterflies within five habitats. A total of 134 species were recorded, belonging to 5 families and 76 genera. The species richness index, diversity index, evenness index and dominance index were 1.3295, 3.4616, 0.7068 and 0.7656, respectively, among them, Nymphalidae had the largest number of genera (33) and species (65), while Papilionidae had only 5 genera and 10 species. Nymphalidae had the highest diversity index (2.8525) and richness index (1.3622). Papilionidae had the lowest diversity index (1.4936) and Pieridae had the lowest richness index (0.2790). The comparison of butterfly diversity indicators in different habitats showed that butterfly diversity index increased with the increase of vegetation richness. These results show an abundance of butterfly diversity, indicating that Qinling National Botanical Garden may be of significant conservation value.

Key words: Insecta, Lepidoptera, butterfly biodiversity, species richness